Orthokeratosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Orthokeratosis | |||
| synonyms = Orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis | |||
| field = [[Dermatology]] | |||
| symptoms = Thickening of the [[stratum corneum]] with normal [[keratinocyte]] maturation | |||
| complications = None specific, but may be associated with other skin conditions | |||
| onset = Varies depending on underlying cause | |||
| duration = Chronic or acute, depending on etiology | |||
| causes = [[Psoriasis]], [[ichthyosis]], [[eczema]], [[lichen planus]], [[actinic keratosis]] | |||
| risks = Genetic predisposition, environmental factors | |||
| diagnosis = [[Skin biopsy]], [[histopathology]] | |||
| differential = [[Parakeratosis]], [[hyperkeratosis]], [[dyskeratosis]] | |||
| treatment = Depends on underlying condition; may include [[topical corticosteroids]], [[emollients]], [[keratolytics]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with appropriate management of underlying condition | |||
| frequency = Common in conditions like psoriasis and ichthyosis | |||
}} | |||
'''Orthokeratosis''' is a term used in [[Dermatology|dermatology]] to describe a condition where the [[Stratum corneum|stratum corneum]] layer of the [[Skin|skin]] is composed of fully differentiated [[Keratinocyte|keratinocytes]]. | '''Orthokeratosis''' is a term used in [[Dermatology|dermatology]] to describe a condition where the [[Stratum corneum|stratum corneum]] layer of the [[Skin|skin]] is composed of fully differentiated [[Keratinocyte|keratinocytes]]. | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Orthokeratosis is characterized by the presence of anucleate squamous cells in the stratum corneum. This is a normal finding in the [[Epidermis (skin)|epidermis]] of the skin, but can also be seen in certain pathological conditions such as [[Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[Lichen planus|lichen planus]], and [[Actinic keratosis|actinic keratosis]]. | Orthokeratosis is characterized by the presence of anucleate squamous cells in the stratum corneum. This is a normal finding in the [[Epidermis (skin)|epidermis]] of the skin, but can also be seen in certain pathological conditions such as [[Psoriasis|psoriasis]], [[Lichen planus|lichen planus]], and [[Actinic keratosis|actinic keratosis]]. | ||
== Pathology == | == Pathology == | ||
In orthokeratosis, the stratum corneum is thickened due to the accumulation of anucleate squamous cells. This is in contrast to [[Parakeratosis|parakeratosis]], where the stratum corneum is composed of nucleated squamous cells. The presence of orthokeratosis can be confirmed through a [[Skin biopsy|skin biopsy]] and subsequent [[Histopathology|histopathological]] examination. | In orthokeratosis, the stratum corneum is thickened due to the accumulation of anucleate squamous cells. This is in contrast to [[Parakeratosis|parakeratosis]], where the stratum corneum is composed of nucleated squamous cells. The presence of orthokeratosis can be confirmed through a [[Skin biopsy|skin biopsy]] and subsequent [[Histopathology|histopathological]] examination. | ||
== Clinical Significance == | == Clinical Significance == | ||
Orthokeratosis is often associated with a variety of skin conditions. In psoriasis, it is seen as part of the characteristic "psoriasiform" epidermal hyperplasia. In lichen planus, orthokeratosis occurs in areas of epidermal thickening known as "Wickham's striae". In actinic keratosis, orthokeratosis is seen in areas of sun-damaged skin. | Orthokeratosis is often associated with a variety of skin conditions. In psoriasis, it is seen as part of the characteristic "psoriasiform" epidermal hyperplasia. In lichen planus, orthokeratosis occurs in areas of epidermal thickening known as "Wickham's striae". In actinic keratosis, orthokeratosis is seen in areas of sun-damaged skin. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Stratum corneum]] | * [[Stratum corneum]] | ||
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* [[Lichen planus]] | * [[Lichen planus]] | ||
* [[Actinic keratosis]] | * [[Actinic keratosis]] | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Skin conditions]] | [[Category:Skin conditions]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{dictionary-stub1}} | {{dictionary-stub1}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 06:15, 4 April 2025
| Orthokeratosis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Thickening of the stratum corneum with normal keratinocyte maturation |
| Complications | None specific, but may be associated with other skin conditions |
| Onset | Varies depending on underlying cause |
| Duration | Chronic or acute, depending on etiology |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Psoriasis, ichthyosis, eczema, lichen planus, actinic keratosis |
| Risks | Genetic predisposition, environmental factors |
| Diagnosis | Skin biopsy, histopathology |
| Differential diagnosis | Parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, dyskeratosis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Depends on underlying condition; may include topical corticosteroids, emollients, keratolytics |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with appropriate management of underlying condition |
| Frequency | Common in conditions like psoriasis and ichthyosis |
| Deaths | N/A |
Orthokeratosis is a term used in dermatology to describe a condition where the stratum corneum layer of the skin is composed of fully differentiated keratinocytes.
Overview[edit]
Orthokeratosis is characterized by the presence of anucleate squamous cells in the stratum corneum. This is a normal finding in the epidermis of the skin, but can also be seen in certain pathological conditions such as psoriasis, lichen planus, and actinic keratosis.
Pathology[edit]
In orthokeratosis, the stratum corneum is thickened due to the accumulation of anucleate squamous cells. This is in contrast to parakeratosis, where the stratum corneum is composed of nucleated squamous cells. The presence of orthokeratosis can be confirmed through a skin biopsy and subsequent histopathological examination.
Clinical Significance[edit]
Orthokeratosis is often associated with a variety of skin conditions. In psoriasis, it is seen as part of the characteristic "psoriasiform" epidermal hyperplasia. In lichen planus, orthokeratosis occurs in areas of epidermal thickening known as "Wickham's striae". In actinic keratosis, orthokeratosis is seen in areas of sun-damaged skin.
