Borderline leprosy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Borderline leprosy | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Skin lesions]], [[nerve damage]] | |||
| complications = [[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[disability]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Mycobacterium leprae]] | |||
| risks = Close contact with untreated cases | |||
| diagnosis = [[Skin biopsy]], [[slit-skin smear]] | |||
| differential = [[Tuberculoid leprosy]], [[Lepromatous leprosy]] | |||
| prevention = [[BCG vaccine]], avoiding close contact | |||
| treatment = [[Multidrug therapy]] (MDT) | |||
| medication = [[Dapsone]], [[Rifampicin]], [[Clofazimine]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on early diagnosis and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Borderline Leprosy''' is a form of [[leprosy]], a chronic infectious disease caused by ''[[Mycobacterium leprae]]''. This form of leprosy is characterized by skin lesions that are more numerous than in [[tuberculoid leprosy]], but less so than in [[lepromatous leprosy]]. | '''Borderline Leprosy''' is a form of [[leprosy]], a chronic infectious disease caused by ''[[Mycobacterium leprae]]''. This form of leprosy is characterized by skin lesions that are more numerous than in [[tuberculoid leprosy]], but less so than in [[lepromatous leprosy]]. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
Borderline leprosy is caused by ''Mycobacterium leprae'', a slow-growing bacterium that primarily affects the skin and nerves. The exact mode of transmission is not fully understood, but it is believed to occur through respiratory droplets or direct contact with nasal and oral secretions from an infected person. | Borderline leprosy is caused by ''Mycobacterium leprae'', a slow-growing bacterium that primarily affects the skin and nerves. The exact mode of transmission is not fully understood, but it is believed to occur through respiratory droplets or direct contact with nasal and oral secretions from an infected person. | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Patients with borderline leprosy typically present with numerous skin lesions that can be either hypo- or hyper-pigmented. The lesions may be asymmetric and have a raised, erythematous border. Nerve involvement is common, leading to sensory and motor deficits. | Patients with borderline leprosy typically present with numerous skin lesions that can be either hypo- or hyper-pigmented. The lesions may be asymmetric and have a raised, erythematous border. Nerve involvement is common, leading to sensory and motor deficits. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of borderline leprosy is primarily based on clinical findings. Skin biopsy and [[skin smear]] tests can be used to confirm the diagnosis. The [[Ridley-Jopling scale]] is often used to classify the disease. | Diagnosis of borderline leprosy is primarily based on clinical findings. Skin biopsy and [[skin smear]] tests can be used to confirm the diagnosis. The [[Ridley-Jopling scale]] is often used to classify the disease. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for borderline leprosy typically involves a multi-drug therapy consisting of [[dapsone]], [[rifampicin]], and [[clofazimine]]. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent nerve damage and disability. | Treatment for borderline leprosy typically involves a multi-drug therapy consisting of [[dapsone]], [[rifampicin]], and [[clofazimine]]. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent nerve damage and disability. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Borderline leprosy is more common in areas with high prevalence of leprosy, such as [[India]], [[Brazil]], and parts of [[Africa]]. It can affect individuals of any age, but is more common in adults. | Borderline leprosy is more common in areas with high prevalence of leprosy, such as [[India]], [[Brazil]], and parts of [[Africa]]. It can affect individuals of any age, but is more common in adults. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Leprosy]] | * [[Leprosy]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 33: | ||
* [[Lepromatous leprosy]] | * [[Lepromatous leprosy]] | ||
* [[Ridley-Jopling scale]] | * [[Ridley-Jopling scale]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Leprosy]] | [[Category:Leprosy]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:42, 27 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Borderline leprosy | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Skin lesions, nerve damage |
| Complications | Peripheral neuropathy, disability |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Mycobacterium leprae |
| Risks | Close contact with untreated cases |
| Diagnosis | Skin biopsy, slit-skin smear |
| Differential diagnosis | Tuberculoid leprosy, Lepromatous leprosy |
| Prevention | BCG vaccine, avoiding close contact |
| Treatment | Multidrug therapy (MDT) |
| Medication | Dapsone, Rifampicin, Clofazimine |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on early diagnosis and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Borderline Leprosy is a form of leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. This form of leprosy is characterized by skin lesions that are more numerous than in tuberculoid leprosy, but less so than in lepromatous leprosy.
Etiology[edit]
Borderline leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a slow-growing bacterium that primarily affects the skin and nerves. The exact mode of transmission is not fully understood, but it is believed to occur through respiratory droplets or direct contact with nasal and oral secretions from an infected person.
Clinical Features[edit]
Patients with borderline leprosy typically present with numerous skin lesions that can be either hypo- or hyper-pigmented. The lesions may be asymmetric and have a raised, erythematous border. Nerve involvement is common, leading to sensory and motor deficits.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of borderline leprosy is primarily based on clinical findings. Skin biopsy and skin smear tests can be used to confirm the diagnosis. The Ridley-Jopling scale is often used to classify the disease.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for borderline leprosy typically involves a multi-drug therapy consisting of dapsone, rifampicin, and clofazimine. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent nerve damage and disability.
Epidemiology[edit]
Borderline leprosy is more common in areas with high prevalence of leprosy, such as India, Brazil, and parts of Africa. It can affect individuals of any age, but is more common in adults.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
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