Hemihydranencephaly: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Hemihydranencephaly | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Seizures]], [[developmental delay]], [[hemiparesis]] | |||
| complications = | |||
| onset = [[Congenital]] | |||
| duration = [[Lifelong]] | |||
| causes = [[Unknown]], possibly [[vascular disruption]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Neuroimaging]] (e.g., [[MRI]], [[CT scan]]) | |||
| differential = [[Hydranencephaly]], [[hemimegalencephaly]], [[porencephaly]] | |||
| treatment = [[Symptomatic treatment]], [[antiepileptic drugs]], [[physical therapy]] | |||
| prognosis = [[Variable]], depends on severity | |||
| frequency = [[Rare]] | |||
}} | |||
'''Hemihydranencephaly''' is a rare neurological condition characterized by the partial or complete absence of the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain. It is a type of [[Hydranencephaly]], which is a more general term for conditions where the brain's cerebral hemispheres are absent to some degree and replaced by sacs filled with cerebrospinal fluid. | '''Hemihydranencephaly''' is a rare neurological condition characterized by the partial or complete absence of the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain. It is a type of [[Hydranencephaly]], which is a more general term for conditions where the brain's cerebral hemispheres are absent to some degree and replaced by sacs filled with cerebrospinal fluid. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of Hemihydranencephaly can vary greatly depending on the extent of the brain's malformation. Common symptoms may include: | The symptoms of Hemihydranencephaly can vary greatly depending on the extent of the brain's malformation. Common symptoms may include: | ||
* [[Microcephaly]] (abnormally small head) | * [[Microcephaly]] (abnormally small head) | ||
* [[Seizures]] | * [[Seizures]] | ||
| Line 11: | Line 25: | ||
* [[Spasticity]] (stiff or rigid muscles) | * [[Spasticity]] (stiff or rigid muscles) | ||
* [[Feeding difficulties]] | * [[Feeding difficulties]] | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of Hemihydranencephaly is unknown. It is thought to occur due to a disruption in the blood supply to the developing brain during pregnancy. This could be caused by a variety of factors, including [[Infections|infection]], [[Trauma|trauma]], or exposure to harmful substances. | The exact cause of Hemihydranencephaly is unknown. It is thought to occur due to a disruption in the blood supply to the developing brain during pregnancy. This could be caused by a variety of factors, including [[Infections|infection]], [[Trauma|trauma]], or exposure to harmful substances. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of Hemihydranencephaly is typically made through imaging studies such as [[Magnetic Resonance Imaging|MRI]] or [[Computed Tomography|CT]] scans. These can reveal the absence of brain tissue and the presence of fluid-filled sacs in its place. | Diagnosis of Hemihydranencephaly is typically made through imaging studies such as [[Magnetic Resonance Imaging|MRI]] or [[Computed Tomography|CT]] scans. These can reveal the absence of brain tissue and the presence of fluid-filled sacs in its place. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
There is no cure for Hemihydranencephaly. Treatment is supportive and aims to manage symptoms. This may include medications to control seizures, physical therapy to manage spasticity, and nutritional support for feeding difficulties. | There is no cure for Hemihydranencephaly. Treatment is supportive and aims to manage symptoms. This may include medications to control seizures, physical therapy to manage spasticity, and nutritional support for feeding difficulties. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for individuals with Hemihydranencephaly is generally poor, with many not surviving past infancy. However, some individuals may survive into adolescence or adulthood with appropriate supportive care. | The prognosis for individuals with Hemihydranencephaly is generally poor, with many not surviving past infancy. However, some individuals may survive into adolescence or adulthood with appropriate supportive care. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Hydranencephaly]] | * [[Hydranencephaly]] | ||
* [[Holoprosencephaly]] | * [[Holoprosencephaly]] | ||
* [[Porencephaly]] | * [[Porencephaly]] | ||
* [[Schizencephaly]] | * [[Schizencephaly]] | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Congenital disorders]] | [[Category:Congenital disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{dictionary-stub1}} | {{dictionary-stub1}} | ||
Latest revision as of 06:10, 4 April 2025
| Hemihydranencephaly | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Seizures, developmental delay, hemiparesis |
| Complications | |
| Onset | Congenital |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown, possibly vascular disruption |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Neuroimaging (e.g., MRI, CT scan) |
| Differential diagnosis | Hydranencephaly, hemimegalencephaly, porencephaly |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Symptomatic treatment, antiepileptic drugs, physical therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Hemihydranencephaly is a rare neurological condition characterized by the partial or complete absence of the cerebral cortex on one side of the brain. It is a type of Hydranencephaly, which is a more general term for conditions where the brain's cerebral hemispheres are absent to some degree and replaced by sacs filled with cerebrospinal fluid.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of Hemihydranencephaly can vary greatly depending on the extent of the brain's malformation. Common symptoms may include:
- Microcephaly (abnormally small head)
- Seizures
- Developmental delay
- Intellectual disability
- Spasticity (stiff or rigid muscles)
- Feeding difficulties
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of Hemihydranencephaly is unknown. It is thought to occur due to a disruption in the blood supply to the developing brain during pregnancy. This could be caused by a variety of factors, including infection, trauma, or exposure to harmful substances.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Hemihydranencephaly is typically made through imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans. These can reveal the absence of brain tissue and the presence of fluid-filled sacs in its place.
Treatment[edit]
There is no cure for Hemihydranencephaly. Treatment is supportive and aims to manage symptoms. This may include medications to control seizures, physical therapy to manage spasticity, and nutritional support for feeding difficulties.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with Hemihydranencephaly is generally poor, with many not surviving past infancy. However, some individuals may survive into adolescence or adulthood with appropriate supportive care.
