Dandruff: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Dandruff | |||
| image = [[File:Dandruff01.jpg]] | |||
| caption = Dandruff on the scalp | |||
| field = [[Dermatology]] | |||
| synonyms = Pityriasis capitis | |||
| symptoms = [[Flaking]] and sometimes mild [[itching]] | |||
| complications = [[Seborrheic dermatitis]], [[hair loss]] | |||
| onset = [[Puberty]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic (medicine)|Chronic]] | |||
| causes = [[Malassezia]] species, [[sebaceous gland]] activity | |||
| risks = [[Oily skin]], [[stress (biology)|stress]], [[hormonal changes]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis|Clinical]] | |||
| differential = [[Psoriasis]], [[eczema]], [[tinea capitis]] | |||
| prevention = Regular [[shampooing]] with anti-dandruff [[shampoo]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antifungal]] agents, [[keratolytic]] agents | |||
| medication = [[Ketoconazole]], [[selenium sulfide]], [[zinc pyrithione]] | |||
| frequency = Affects about 50% of adults | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Nizoral.jpg|Nizoral|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Dandruff''' is a common [[scalp]] disorder affecting almost half of the population at the post-pubertal age and of any [[gender]] and [[ethnicity]]. It often causes [[itching]]. The severity of dandruff may fluctuate with season as it often worsens in winter. | '''Dandruff''' is a common [[scalp]] disorder affecting almost half of the population at the post-pubertal age and of any [[gender]] and [[ethnicity]]. It often causes [[itching]]. The severity of dandruff may fluctuate with season as it often worsens in winter. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Most cases of dandruff are caused by dry skin. Other causes can include not cleaning/scrubbing often enough, shampooing too often, [[psoriasis]], [[eczema]], sensitivity to hair care products, or a yeast-like fungus. Dry skin is the most common cause of flaking dandruff. | Most cases of dandruff are caused by dry skin. Other causes can include not cleaning/scrubbing often enough, shampooing too often, [[psoriasis]], [[eczema]], sensitivity to hair care products, or a yeast-like fungus. Dry skin is the most common cause of flaking dandruff. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of dandruff include white flakes of dead skin in the hair and on the shoulders, as well as an itchy, red, or scaly scalp. Dandruff flakes are generally larger than the dry skin flakes of other conditions. | The symptoms of dandruff include white flakes of dead skin in the hair and on the shoulders, as well as an itchy, red, or scaly scalp. Dandruff flakes are generally larger than the dry skin flakes of other conditions. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The primary treatment for dandruff is [[antifungal]] creams and shampoos. Most cases of dandruff can be easily treated with specialized shampoos. There is, however, no true cure. | The primary treatment for dandruff is [[antifungal]] creams and shampoos. Most cases of dandruff can be easily treated with specialized shampoos. There is, however, no true cure. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Seborrhoeic dermatitis]] | * [[Seborrhoeic dermatitis]] | ||
* [[Psoriasis]] | * [[Psoriasis]] | ||
* [[Head lice]] | * [[Head lice]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
* [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dandruff/symptoms-causes/syc-20353850 Mayo Clinic - Dandruff] | * [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dandruff/symptoms-causes/syc-20353850 Mayo Clinic - Dandruff] | ||
[[Category:Skin conditions]] | [[Category:Skin conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Scalp conditions]] | [[Category:Scalp conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:39, 5 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Dandruff | |
|---|---|
| File:Dandruff01.jpg | |
| Synonyms | Pityriasis capitis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Flaking and sometimes mild itching |
| Complications | Seborrheic dermatitis, hair loss |
| Onset | Puberty |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Malassezia species, sebaceous gland activity |
| Risks | Oily skin, stress, hormonal changes |
| Diagnosis | Clinical |
| Differential diagnosis | Psoriasis, eczema, tinea capitis |
| Prevention | Regular shampooing with anti-dandruff shampoo |
| Treatment | Antifungal agents, keratolytic agents |
| Medication | Ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Affects about 50% of adults |
| Deaths | N/A |
Dandruff is a common scalp disorder affecting almost half of the population at the post-pubertal age and of any gender and ethnicity. It often causes itching. The severity of dandruff may fluctuate with season as it often worsens in winter.
Causes[edit]
Most cases of dandruff are caused by dry skin. Other causes can include not cleaning/scrubbing often enough, shampooing too often, psoriasis, eczema, sensitivity to hair care products, or a yeast-like fungus. Dry skin is the most common cause of flaking dandruff.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of dandruff include white flakes of dead skin in the hair and on the shoulders, as well as an itchy, red, or scaly scalp. Dandruff flakes are generally larger than the dry skin flakes of other conditions.
Treatment[edit]
The primary treatment for dandruff is antifungal creams and shampoos. Most cases of dandruff can be easily treated with specialized shampoos. There is, however, no true cure.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
