Alacrima: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Alacrima | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Dry eyes]], [[irritation]], [[redness]] | |||
| complications = [[Corneal ulcer]], [[eye infections]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = [[Genetic disorders]], [[autoimmune diseases]], [[nerve damage]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Schirmer's test]], [[tear break-up time]] | |||
| differential = [[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca]], [[Sjogren's syndrome]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Artificial tears]], [[punctal plugs]], [[medications]] | |||
| medication = [[Cyclosporine]], [[lifitegrast]] | |||
| prognosis = | |||
| frequency = | |||
}} | |||
'''Alacrima''' is a medical condition characterized by a decreased or absent tear production. It is often associated with certain genetic disorders, such as [[Alacrima-achalasia-adrenal insufficiency neurologic disorder|Alacrima-achalasia-adrenal insufficiency neurologic disorder (AAAND)]] and [[Congenital alacrima|Congenital alacrima]]. | '''Alacrima''' is a medical condition characterized by a decreased or absent tear production. It is often associated with certain genetic disorders, such as [[Alacrima-achalasia-adrenal insufficiency neurologic disorder|Alacrima-achalasia-adrenal insufficiency neurologic disorder (AAAND)]] and [[Congenital alacrima|Congenital alacrima]]. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The primary symptom of alacrima is a decreased or absent tear production, which can lead to [[Dry eye syndrome|dry eye syndrome]], [[Eye irritation|eye irritation]], and increased risk of [[Eye infection|eye infections]]. Other symptoms can include difficulty swallowing (due to [[Achalasia|achalasia]]), and adrenal insufficiency. | The primary symptom of alacrima is a decreased or absent tear production, which can lead to [[Dry eye syndrome|dry eye syndrome]], [[Eye irritation|eye irritation]], and increased risk of [[Eye infection|eye infections]]. Other symptoms can include difficulty swallowing (due to [[Achalasia|achalasia]]), and adrenal insufficiency. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Alacrima is often caused by mutations in the [[AAAS gene|AAAS gene]]. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in many types of cells and tissues, including nerve cells (neurons) and cells that produce hormones (endocrine cells). The AAAS protein is involved in the normal functioning of the nervous and endocrine systems. | Alacrima is often caused by mutations in the [[AAAS gene|AAAS gene]]. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in many types of cells and tissues, including nerve cells (neurons) and cells that produce hormones (endocrine cells). The AAAS protein is involved in the normal functioning of the nervous and endocrine systems. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of alacrima is based on the clinical symptoms and confirmed by genetic testing. The genetic test involves sequencing of the AAAS gene to identify any mutations. | Diagnosis of alacrima is based on the clinical symptoms and confirmed by genetic testing. The genetic test involves sequencing of the AAAS gene to identify any mutations. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for alacrima primarily involves managing the symptoms. This can include the use of artificial tears to alleviate dry eyes, medications to manage adrenal insufficiency, and surgery to treat achalasia. | Treatment for alacrima primarily involves managing the symptoms. This can include the use of artificial tears to alleviate dry eyes, medications to manage adrenal insufficiency, and surgery to treat achalasia. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Achalasia]] | * [[Achalasia]] | ||
* [[Adrenal insufficiency]] | * [[Adrenal insufficiency]] | ||
* [[Dry eye syndrome]] | * [[Dry eye syndrome]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] | [[Category:Genetic disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Eye disorders]] | [[Category:Eye disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | |||
Latest revision as of 22:08, 3 April 2025
| Alacrima | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Dry eyes, irritation, redness |
| Complications | Corneal ulcer, eye infections |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, nerve damage |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Schirmer's test, tear break-up time |
| Differential diagnosis | Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Sjogren's syndrome |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Artificial tears, punctal plugs, medications |
| Medication | Cyclosporine, lifitegrast |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | N/A |
Alacrima is a medical condition characterized by a decreased or absent tear production. It is often associated with certain genetic disorders, such as Alacrima-achalasia-adrenal insufficiency neurologic disorder (AAAND) and Congenital alacrima.
Symptoms[edit]
The primary symptom of alacrima is a decreased or absent tear production, which can lead to dry eye syndrome, eye irritation, and increased risk of eye infections. Other symptoms can include difficulty swallowing (due to achalasia), and adrenal insufficiency.
Causes[edit]
Alacrima is often caused by mutations in the AAAS gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in many types of cells and tissues, including nerve cells (neurons) and cells that produce hormones (endocrine cells). The AAAS protein is involved in the normal functioning of the nervous and endocrine systems.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of alacrima is based on the clinical symptoms and confirmed by genetic testing. The genetic test involves sequencing of the AAAS gene to identify any mutations.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for alacrima primarily involves managing the symptoms. This can include the use of artificial tears to alleviate dry eyes, medications to manage adrenal insufficiency, and surgery to treat achalasia.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
