Ranula: Difference between revisions
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== | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
[[File:Ranula | | name = Ranula | ||
| image = [[File:Ranula_human_09.jpg|A ranula in the floor of the mouth]] | |||
A ''' | | caption = A ranula in the floor of the mouth | ||
| field = [[Oral and maxillofacial surgery]] | |||
| synonyms = [[Oral mucocele]], [[sublingual cyst]] | |||
| symptoms = Swelling in the floor of the mouth, [[pain]], [[difficulty swallowing]] | |||
| complications = [[Infection]], [[airway obstruction]] | |||
| onset = Any age, commonly in [[children]] and [[young adults]] | |||
| duration = Can be [[chronic]] if untreated | |||
| causes = [[Trauma]] to the [[salivary glands]], [[obstruction]] of the [[sublingual gland]] | |||
| risks = [[Salivary gland]] [[injury]], [[sialolithiasis]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[ultrasound]], [[MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Dermoid cyst]], [[epidermoid cyst]], [[lymphangioma]] | |||
| treatment = [[Marsupialization]], [[excision]], [[sclerotherapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Antibiotics]] if infected | |||
| prognosis = Good with treatment | |||
Ranulas | | frequency = Rare | ||
}} | |||
== | [[File:Ranula.jpg|left|thumb|Ranula]] | ||
[[File:Ranula, low mag.jpg|left|thumb|Ranula]] | |||
[[File:Ranula-dog.jpg|left|thumb|Ranula]] | |||
[[File:Resektion-glandula-mandibularis-sublingualis-dog.jpg|left|thumb|Ranula]] | |||
A '''[[ranula]]''' is a type of [[mucocele]] found on the floor of the mouth. It is a swelling that occurs due to the accumulation of saliva from a ruptured salivary gland duct, typically the [[sublingual gland]]. The term "ranula" is derived from the Latin word "rana," meaning "frog," due to the swelling's resemblance to a frog's underbelly. | |||
== Diagnosis == | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Ranulas occur when there is a disruption in the normal flow of saliva from the sublingual gland. This can be due to trauma, obstruction, or congenital anomalies. The saliva leaks into the surrounding tissues, forming a cyst-like structure. There are two main types of ranulas: | |||
* '''[[Simple Ranula]]''': Confined to the floor of the mouth. | |||
* '''[[Plunging Ranula]]''': Extends beyond the floor of the mouth into the neck. | |||
==Clinical Presentation== | |||
== Treatment == | Patients with a ranula typically present with a painless, bluish, translucent swelling on the floor of the mouth. In the case of a plunging ranula, there may be a swelling in the neck as well. Symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, speaking, or breathing if the ranula is large enough to obstruct the airway. | ||
==Diagnosis== | |||
* | Diagnosis of a ranula is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic appearance and location of the swelling. Imaging studies such as [[ultrasound]], [[MRI]], or [[CT scan]] can be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the lesion, especially in cases of plunging ranulas. | ||
==Treatment== | |||
* | The treatment of ranulas depends on the size and type of the lesion. Options include: | ||
* '''[[Marsupialization]]''': Creating a surgical window in the ranula to allow continuous drainage. | |||
== | * '''[[Excision]]''': Complete removal of the ranula and the affected gland. | ||
* [ | * '''[[Sclerotherapy]]''': Injection of a sclerosing agent to shrink the ranula. | ||
* [ | Recurrence is common if the underlying gland is not addressed, particularly in simple marsupialization. | ||
==Prognosis== | |||
[[Category:Oral | With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for ranulas is generally good. However, recurrence can occur, especially if the sublingual gland is not removed. | ||
[[Category: | ==Also see== | ||
* [[Mucocele]] | |||
* [[Sialolithiasis]] | |||
* [[Salivary gland disorders]] | |||
{{Oral and maxillofacial surgery}} | |||
{{Salivary gland diseases}} | |||
[[Category:Oral pathology]] | |||
[[Category:Salivary gland pathology]] | |||
[[Category:Oral and maxillofacial surgery]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:26, 13 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Ranula | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Oral mucocele, sublingual cyst |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Swelling in the floor of the mouth, pain, difficulty swallowing |
| Complications | Infection, airway obstruction |
| Onset | Any age, commonly in children and young adults |
| Duration | Can be chronic if untreated |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Trauma to the salivary glands, obstruction of the sublingual gland |
| Risks | Salivary gland injury, sialolithiasis |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, ultrasound, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Dermoid cyst, epidermoid cyst, lymphangioma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Marsupialization, excision, sclerotherapy |
| Medication | Antibiotics if infected |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
A ranula is a type of mucocele found on the floor of the mouth. It is a swelling that occurs due to the accumulation of saliva from a ruptured salivary gland duct, typically the sublingual gland. The term "ranula" is derived from the Latin word "rana," meaning "frog," due to the swelling's resemblance to a frog's underbelly.
Pathophysiology[edit]
Ranulas occur when there is a disruption in the normal flow of saliva from the sublingual gland. This can be due to trauma, obstruction, or congenital anomalies. The saliva leaks into the surrounding tissues, forming a cyst-like structure. There are two main types of ranulas:
- Simple Ranula: Confined to the floor of the mouth.
- Plunging Ranula: Extends beyond the floor of the mouth into the neck.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Patients with a ranula typically present with a painless, bluish, translucent swelling on the floor of the mouth. In the case of a plunging ranula, there may be a swelling in the neck as well. Symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, speaking, or breathing if the ranula is large enough to obstruct the airway.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of a ranula is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic appearance and location of the swelling. Imaging studies such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scan can be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the lesion, especially in cases of plunging ranulas.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of ranulas depends on the size and type of the lesion. Options include:
- Marsupialization: Creating a surgical window in the ranula to allow continuous drainage.
- Excision: Complete removal of the ranula and the affected gland.
- Sclerotherapy: Injection of a sclerosing agent to shrink the ranula.
Recurrence is common if the underlying gland is not addressed, particularly in simple marsupialization.
Prognosis[edit]
With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for ranulas is generally good. However, recurrence can occur, especially if the sublingual gland is not removed.
Also see[edit]
| Oral and maxillofacial surgery | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This Oral and maxillofacial surgery related article is a stub.
|
| Salivary gland diseases | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
This salivary gland related article is a stub.
|
