Bornholm disease: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Bornholm disease | |||
| image = [[File:Coxsackie_B4_virus.JPG|left|thumb|Coxsackie B4 virus]] | |||
| caption = Coxsackie B4 virus, one of the causes of Bornholm disease | |||
| synonyms = Epidemic pleurodynia, Devil's grip | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Chest pain]], [[fever]], [[headache]], [[muscle pain]] | |||
| complications = Rarely [[myocarditis]], [[pericarditis]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Usually 3 to 7 days | |||
| causes = [[Coxsackie B virus]], [[Echovirus]] | |||
| risks = [[Close contact]], [[poor hygiene]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[serology]] | |||
| differential = [[Pleurisy]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[pneumonia]] | |||
| prevention = [[Hand washing]], [[hygiene]] | |||
| treatment = [[Pain management]], [[rest]] | |||
| medication = [[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAIDs]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|An article about Bornholm disease, a viral infection}} | {{Short description|An article about Bornholm disease, a viral infection}} | ||
== Bornholm Disease == | == Bornholm Disease == | ||
[[File:Coxsackie B4 virus.JPG|thumb | [[File:Coxsackie B4 virus.JPG|left|thumb|Electron micrograph of Coxsackie B4 virus, a common cause of Bornholm disease]] | ||
'''Bornholm disease''', also known as '''epidemic pleurodynia''', is an acute infectious disease characterized by sudden onset of fever and intense abdominal and chest pain. It is caused by infection with certain types of [[Coxsackie virus]], particularly the [[Coxsackie B virus]] group. | '''Bornholm disease''', also known as '''epidemic pleurodynia''', is an acute infectious disease characterized by sudden onset of fever and intense abdominal and chest pain. It is caused by infection with certain types of [[Coxsackie virus]], particularly the [[Coxsackie B virus]] group. | ||
== Etiology == | == Etiology == | ||
Bornholm disease is primarily caused by the [[Coxsackie B virus]], which is a member of the [[Enterovirus]] genus. The disease is most commonly associated with Coxsackie B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5 serotypes. These viruses are transmitted via the [[fecal-oral route]], respiratory droplets, or direct contact with infected individuals. | Bornholm disease is primarily caused by the [[Coxsackie B virus]], which is a member of the [[Enterovirus]] genus. The disease is most commonly associated with Coxsackie B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5 serotypes. These viruses are transmitted via the [[fecal-oral route]], respiratory droplets, or direct contact with infected individuals. | ||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
The hallmark symptoms of Bornholm disease include: | The hallmark symptoms of Bornholm disease include: | ||
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* Headache | * Headache | ||
* Muscle tenderness | * Muscle tenderness | ||
The pain is often exacerbated by movement, deep breathing, or coughing, and it may mimic other conditions such as [[myocardial infarction]] or [[pleurisy]]. | The pain is often exacerbated by movement, deep breathing, or coughing, and it may mimic other conditions such as [[myocardial infarction]] or [[pleurisy]]. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of Bornholm disease is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic symptoms and history of exposure. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of Coxsackie virus through: | Diagnosis of Bornholm disease is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic symptoms and history of exposure. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of Coxsackie virus through: | ||
* [[Polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR) testing of throat swabs, stool samples, or blood | * [[Polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR) testing of throat swabs, stool samples, or blood | ||
* Serological tests to detect specific antibodies | * Serological tests to detect specific antibodies | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
There is no specific antiviral treatment for Bornholm disease. Management is supportive and includes: | There is no specific antiviral treatment for Bornholm disease. Management is supportive and includes: | ||
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* [[Antipyretics]] to reduce fever | * [[Antipyretics]] to reduce fever | ||
* Rest and hydration | * Rest and hydration | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for Bornholm disease is generally good, with most patients recovering fully within a week. Complications are rare but can include [[myocarditis]] or [[pericarditis]]. | The prognosis for Bornholm disease is generally good, with most patients recovering fully within a week. Complications are rare but can include [[myocarditis]] or [[pericarditis]]. | ||
== Epidemiology == | == Epidemiology == | ||
Bornholm disease occurs worldwide, with outbreaks more common in temperate climates during the summer and early fall. It affects individuals of all ages, but children and young adults are more frequently affected. | Bornholm disease occurs worldwide, with outbreaks more common in temperate climates during the summer and early fall. It affects individuals of all ages, but children and young adults are more frequently affected. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
The disease was first described in 1872 by the Danish physician [[Peter Panum]] during an outbreak on the island of Bornholm, Denmark, which gave the disease its name. | The disease was first described in 1872 by the Danish physician [[Peter Panum]] during an outbreak on the island of Bornholm, Denmark, which gave the disease its name. | ||
== See also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Coxsackie virus]] | * [[Coxsackie virus]] | ||
* [[Enterovirus]] | * [[Enterovirus]] | ||
* [[Myocarditis]] | * [[Myocarditis]] | ||
* [[Pleurisy]] | * [[Pleurisy]] | ||
[[Category:Viral diseases]] | [[Category:Viral diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:00, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Bornholm disease | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Epidemic pleurodynia, Devil's grip |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Chest pain, fever, headache, muscle pain |
| Complications | Rarely myocarditis, pericarditis |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Usually 3 to 7 days |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Coxsackie B virus, Echovirus |
| Risks | Close contact, poor hygiene |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, serology |
| Differential diagnosis | Pleurisy, myocardial infarction, pneumonia |
| Prevention | Hand washing, hygiene |
| Treatment | Pain management, rest |
| Medication | NSAIDs |
| Prognosis | Generally good |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
An article about Bornholm disease, a viral infection
Bornholm Disease[edit]
Bornholm disease, also known as epidemic pleurodynia, is an acute infectious disease characterized by sudden onset of fever and intense abdominal and chest pain. It is caused by infection with certain types of Coxsackie virus, particularly the Coxsackie B virus group.
Etiology[edit]
Bornholm disease is primarily caused by the Coxsackie B virus, which is a member of the Enterovirus genus. The disease is most commonly associated with Coxsackie B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5 serotypes. These viruses are transmitted via the fecal-oral route, respiratory droplets, or direct contact with infected individuals.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
The hallmark symptoms of Bornholm disease include:
- Sudden onset of sharp, stabbing chest or abdominal pain
- Fever
- Headache
- Muscle tenderness
The pain is often exacerbated by movement, deep breathing, or coughing, and it may mimic other conditions such as myocardial infarction or pleurisy.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Bornholm disease is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic symptoms and history of exposure. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of Coxsackie virus through:
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of throat swabs, stool samples, or blood
- Serological tests to detect specific antibodies
Treatment[edit]
There is no specific antiviral treatment for Bornholm disease. Management is supportive and includes:
- Analgesics for pain relief
- Antipyretics to reduce fever
- Rest and hydration
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for Bornholm disease is generally good, with most patients recovering fully within a week. Complications are rare but can include myocarditis or pericarditis.
Epidemiology[edit]
Bornholm disease occurs worldwide, with outbreaks more common in temperate climates during the summer and early fall. It affects individuals of all ages, but children and young adults are more frequently affected.
History[edit]
The disease was first described in 1872 by the Danish physician Peter Panum during an outbreak on the island of Bornholm, Denmark, which gave the disease its name.
