Toxic encephalopathy: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Toxic encephalopathy | |||
| synonyms = [[Toxic metabolic encephalopathy]] | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Confusion]], [[delirium]], [[seizures]], [[coma]] | |||
| complications = [[Permanent brain damage]], [[death]] | |||
| onset = Acute or subacute | |||
| duration = Variable, depending on cause and treatment | |||
| causes = [[Toxins]], [[metabolic disorders]], [[infections]], [[medications]] | |||
| risks = Exposure to [[industrial chemicals]], [[heavy metals]], [[drugs]], [[alcohol abuse]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical assessment]], [[neuroimaging]], [[blood tests]] | |||
| differential = [[Delirium]], [[dementia]], [[stroke]], [[meningitis]] | |||
| treatment = Removal of toxin, supportive care, specific antidotes if available | |||
| prognosis = Depends on cause and timeliness of treatment | |||
| frequency = Variable, depending on exposure and population | |||
}} | |||
'''Thioxanthene''' is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thioxanthenes. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a thioxanthene moiety, which is a tricyclic compound made up of two benzene rings linearly fused to a [[cyclohexene]] ring, and carries a [[sulfur]] atom at the 10-position. | '''Thioxanthene''' is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thioxanthenes. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a thioxanthene moiety, which is a tricyclic compound made up of two benzene rings linearly fused to a [[cyclohexene]] ring, and carries a [[sulfur]] atom at the 10-position. | ||
==Chemical Structure== | ==Chemical Structure== | ||
The chemical structure of thioxanthene is characterized by a system of three fused rings, two of which are aromatic (benzene rings) and one of which is a six-membered unsaturated ring (cyclohexene ring). The sulfur atom is located at the 10-position of the tricyclic system. | The chemical structure of thioxanthene is characterized by a system of three fused rings, two of which are aromatic (benzene rings) and one of which is a six-membered unsaturated ring (cyclohexene ring). The sulfur atom is located at the 10-position of the tricyclic system. | ||
==Uses== | ==Uses== | ||
Thioxanthenes are used in the production of certain types of [[antipsychotic]] medications, such as [[chlorprothixene]] and [[flupenthixol]]. These medications are used to treat symptoms of [[schizophrenia]] and other types of mental disorders. | Thioxanthenes are used in the production of certain types of [[antipsychotic]] medications, such as [[chlorprothixene]] and [[flupenthixol]]. These medications are used to treat symptoms of [[schizophrenia]] and other types of mental disorders. | ||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Thioxanthene-based antipsychotics work by blocking the action of [[dopamine]], a neurotransmitter in the brain. This helps to balance the chemical activity in the brain and reduce symptoms of mental disorders. | Thioxanthene-based antipsychotics work by blocking the action of [[dopamine]], a neurotransmitter in the brain. This helps to balance the chemical activity in the brain and reduce symptoms of mental disorders. | ||
==Side Effects== | ==Side Effects== | ||
Like all medications, thioxanthene-based antipsychotics can cause side effects. These may include drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. In rare cases, they may cause serious side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, a condition characterized by involuntary movements of the face and body. | Like all medications, thioxanthene-based antipsychotics can cause side effects. These may include drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. In rare cases, they may cause serious side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, a condition characterized by involuntary movements of the face and body. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Antipsychotic]] | * [[Antipsychotic]] | ||
| Line 18: | Line 30: | ||
* [[Schizophrenia]] | * [[Schizophrenia]] | ||
* [[Tardive dyskinesia]] | * [[Tardive dyskinesia]] | ||
[[Category:Organic compounds]] | [[Category:Organic compounds]] | ||
[[Category:Antipsychotics]] | [[Category:Antipsychotics]] | ||
[[Category:Medicine]] | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Pharmacology]] | [[Category:Pharmacology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:33, 4 April 2025
| Toxic encephalopathy | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Toxic metabolic encephalopathy |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Confusion, delirium, seizures, coma |
| Complications | Permanent brain damage, death |
| Onset | Acute or subacute |
| Duration | Variable, depending on cause and treatment |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Toxins, metabolic disorders, infections, medications |
| Risks | Exposure to industrial chemicals, heavy metals, drugs, alcohol abuse |
| Diagnosis | Clinical assessment, neuroimaging, blood tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Delirium, dementia, stroke, meningitis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Removal of toxin, supportive care, specific antidotes if available |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Depends on cause and timeliness of treatment |
| Frequency | Variable, depending on exposure and population |
| Deaths | N/A |
Thioxanthene is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thioxanthenes. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a thioxanthene moiety, which is a tricyclic compound made up of two benzene rings linearly fused to a cyclohexene ring, and carries a sulfur atom at the 10-position.
Chemical Structure[edit]
The chemical structure of thioxanthene is characterized by a system of three fused rings, two of which are aromatic (benzene rings) and one of which is a six-membered unsaturated ring (cyclohexene ring). The sulfur atom is located at the 10-position of the tricyclic system.
Uses[edit]
Thioxanthenes are used in the production of certain types of antipsychotic medications, such as chlorprothixene and flupenthixol. These medications are used to treat symptoms of schizophrenia and other types of mental disorders.
Pharmacology[edit]
Thioxanthene-based antipsychotics work by blocking the action of dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain. This helps to balance the chemical activity in the brain and reduce symptoms of mental disorders.
Side Effects[edit]
Like all medications, thioxanthene-based antipsychotics can cause side effects. These may include drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. In rare cases, they may cause serious side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, a condition characterized by involuntary movements of the face and body.
