Yeast artificial chromosome
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Yeast Artificial Chromosome
A Yeast Artificial Chromosome (YAC) is a vector used in genetic engineering to clone DNA fragments larger than those cloned by other means. It is constructed from the telomeric, centromeric, and replication origin sequences needed for replication and preservation in yeast cells.
Pronunciation
- Yeast: /jiːst/
- Artificial: /ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃəl/
- Chromosome: /ˈkroʊməˌsoʊm/
Etymology
- Yeast: From Old English gyst, from Proto-Germanic *jēstaz.
- Artificial: From Latin artificialis, from ars ("art") + -ficialis ("-making").
- Chromosome: From Ancient Greek χρῶμα (chrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”).
Related Terms
- Vector (molecular biology): A DNA molecule used as a vehicle to artificially carry foreign genetic material into another cell.
- Genetic Engineering: The direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.
- DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.
- Telomere: A region of repetitive nucleotide sequences at each end of a chromosome, which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration or from fusion with neighboring chromosomes.
- Centromere: The part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids or a dyad.
- Replication Origin: A particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Yeast artificial chromosome
- Wikipedia's article - Yeast artificial chromosome
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