Centromere
Centromere
Centromere (pronounced: sen-troh-meer) is a region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are most closely linked. This region is crucial for the proper alignment and separation of chromosomes during cell division.
Etymology
The term "centromere" comes from the Greek words "kentron," which means center, and "meros," which means part. This term was first used in the early 20th century to describe the central part of the chromosome that seemed to be the point of attachment for spindle fibers during cell division.
Function
The primary function of the centromere is to serve as the point of attachment for the spindle fibers during cell division. This allows the chromosomes to be pulled apart and ensures that each new cell receives the correct number of chromosomes.
Related Terms
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Chromatid: Each of the two thread-like strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
- Spindle fibers: Form a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell.
- Cell division: The process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Centromere
- Wikipedia's article - Centromere
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