Xylooligosaccharide

File:XO structure.tif

XO structure

Xylooligosaccharide

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are a type of oligosaccharide derived from xylan, a complex carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants. XOS consist of a short chain of xylose molecules linked together through glycosidic bonds. They are considered prebiotics, as they selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiota.

Structure

Xylooligosaccharides are composed of 2 to 10 xylose units linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. The degree of polymerization (DP) determines the specific type of XOS, with shorter chains being more easily fermentable by gut bacteria.

Sources

Xylooligosaccharides can be naturally found in various plant materials such as bamboo, birch wood, and corncobs. They can also be produced through the enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan-rich sources.

Health Benefits

Consumption of xylooligosaccharides has been associated with several health benefits, including:

• Improved gut health by promoting the growth of beneficial probiotic bacteria.
• Enhanced mineral absorption due to the fermentation of XOS in the colon.
• Immune system modulation through the interaction with gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

Applications

Xylooligosaccharides are commonly used as food additives and dietary supplements to promote gut health. They are also utilized in the food industry for their prebiotic properties in various products such as functional foods and beverages.

See also

• Oligosaccharide
• Prebiotic
• Gut microbiota

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