Strength training

Strength training is a type of physical exercise specializing in the use of resistance to induce muscular contraction, which builds the strength, anaerobic endurance, size of skeletal muscles and bone density.

Overview

When properly performed, strength training can provide significant functional benefits and improvement in overall health and well-being, including increased bone, muscle, tendon, and ligament strength and toughness, improved joint function, reduced potential for injury, increased bone density, increased metabolism, increased fitness and improved cardiac function. Training commonly uses the technique of progressively increasing the force output of the muscle through incremental weight increases and uses a variety of exercises and types of equipment to target specific muscle groups. Strength training is primarily an anaerobic activity, although some proponents have adapted it to provide the benefits of aerobic exercise through circuit training.

Types of Strength Training

Strength training can be performed using a variety of means, often divided by the type of force used (poundage, gravity, elastic bands, etc.), the type of resistance (free weights, machines, bodyweight, etc.), and the type of muscle contraction (concentric, eccentric, isometric).

Free Weights

Free weights such as dumbbells and barbells allow a wide range of movement and require the exerciser to control the weight's path, providing a more comprehensive muscle workout.

Weight Machines

Weight machines guide the user's path of movement and provide a set amount of resistance. They are often used for isolation exercises.

Bodyweight Exercises

Bodyweight exercises use the individual's own weight to provide resistance against gravity. They can be performed anywhere and provide a great deal of flexibility in terms of intensity and complexity.

Resistance Bands

Resistance bands are elastic bands that provide resistance when stretched. They are portable, low cost, and versatile.

Benefits of Strength Training

Strength training has a variety of benefits, both physical and mental. These include increased muscle, tendon and ligament strength, bone density, flexibility, tone, metabolic rate and postural support.

See Also

• Physical fitness
• Exercise physiology
• Weight training
• Bodybuilding
• Powerlifting
• Resistance training

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