Two-point discrimination

Two-point discrimination (pronunciation: two-point dis-krim-i-na-shun) is a test commonly used in neurology to measure the sensory nerve's ability to perceive two distinct points on the skin as separate. The test is a measure of tactile agnosia and is used to assess the condition of the somatosensory system.

Etymology

The term "two-point discrimination" is derived from the English words "two", "point", and "discrimination". The term "discrimination" in this context refers to the ability to distinguish between two separate points.

Procedure

The two-point discrimination test is performed using a two-point discriminator, such as a set of calipers or a paper clip. The examiner touches the patient's skin with the two points simultaneously and asks the patient if they can feel one point or two. The distance between the two points is gradually decreased until the patient can no longer distinguish between two separate points. The smallest distance at which the patient can still perceive two separate points is recorded as the two-point discrimination threshold.

Clinical significance

Two-point discrimination is an important test in neurology. It is used to assess the function of the sensory nerves and can help to diagnose conditions such as neuropathy, nerve damage, and neurological disorders. It can also be used to monitor the progress of these conditions and the effectiveness of treatment.

Related terms

Tactile agnosia: The inability to recognize objects by touch alone.
Somatosensory system: The part of the sensory system that is responsible for processing sensory information from the skin and internal organs.
Neuropathy: A condition that results from damage to the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord.
Nerve damage: Damage to the nerves that can result in loss of sensation or function.