Sensory receptor
Sensory Receptor
Sensory receptors (pronunciation: /ˈsɛnsəri rɪˈsɛptər/) are specialized cells or cell structures that respond to changes in their environment. They are a crucial part of the sensory system, allowing organisms to perceive and respond to different stimuli.
Etymology
The term "sensory receptor" is derived from the Latin words "sensus" meaning "feeling" and "receptor" meaning "receiver". It refers to the function of these cells as receivers of sensory information.
Types of Sensory Receptors
There are several types of sensory receptors, each responding to a specific type of stimulus:
- Mechanoreceptors respond to mechanical pressure or distortion. They are found in various places, such as the skin and the inner ear.
- Thermoreceptors respond to changes in temperature. They are located in the skin, hypothalamus, and other areas.
- Nociceptors respond to pain or potentially damaging stimuli. They are found throughout the body.
- Photoreceptors respond to light and are found in the retina of the eye.
- Chemoreceptors respond to chemical changes. They are found in various places, including the nose and taste buds.
Function
Sensory receptors function by receiving stimuli from the environment and converting them into electrical signals. These signals are then transmitted to the nervous system, where they are processed and interpreted. This allows organisms to perceive and respond to their environment.
Related Terms
- Sensory system
- Mechanoreceptors
- Thermoreceptors
- Nociceptors
- Photoreceptors
- Chemoreceptors
- Nervous system
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sensory receptor
- Wikipedia's article - Sensory receptor
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