Treaty of Tordesillas
The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over newly discovered lands by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers. The treaty was signed on 7 June 1494 in the town of Tordesillas, located in present-day Valladolid, Spain.
Background
The treaty was a result of the need to resolve disputes over lands newly discovered by European explorers. The Pope had previously issued a papal bull in 1493, known as Inter caetera, which granted Spain the rights to any lands west of a meridian 100 leagues west of the Azores and Cape Verde. However, Portugal objected to this demarcation line, leading to negotiations that resulted in the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Terms of the Treaty
The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the newly discovered lands outside Europe between the Portuguese Empire and the Spanish Empire along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands (off the west coast of Africa). This line of demarcation was about halfway between the Cape Verde Islands (already Portuguese) and the islands discovered by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage (claimed for Spain).
Impact
The treaty effectively divided the non-European world into two zones of influence: one for Spain and one for Portugal. This division had a profound impact on the history of the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The treaty allowed Portugal to claim lands in Africa, Asia, and Brazil, while Spain claimed most of the Americas.
Legacy
The Treaty of Tordesillas is considered one of the most important agreements in the history of European colonialism. It laid the groundwork for the modern boundaries of many countries in the Americas and influenced the patterns of European colonization and trade for centuries.
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