Colonialism
Colonialism
Colonialism (/kəˈloʊniəˌlɪzəm/; from Latin colonus, meaning 'farmer') is the policy of a country seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of economic dominance. The colonizing country seeks to benefit from the colonized country or land mass. In the process, colonizers impose their religion, economics, and medicinal practices on the natives.
Etymology
The term colonialism is derived from the Latin word colonus, which means 'farmer'. This root reminds us that the practice of colonialism usually involved the transfer of population to a new territory, where the arrivals lived as permanent settlers while maintaining political allegiance to their country of origin.
History
Colonialism has a long history starting with the pre-colonial African empires which led to the Egyptians, Phoenicians, Greeks and Romans who all built colonies in antiquity. The word "colony" comes from the Latin colonia—a place for agriculture.
Types of Colonialism
Colonialism is classified into two main types, Settler colonialism and Exploitation colonialism.
Settler Colonialism
Settler colonialism involves large-scale immigration, often motivated by religious, political, or economic reasons.
Exploitation Colonialism
Exploitation colonialism involves fewer colonists and focuses on the exploitation of natural resources or indigenous labor to benefit the colonizing country.
Effects of Colonialism
The effects of colonialism on the colonized countries are profound and lasting. They include changes in the economy, religion, culture, and political structure of the colonized countries.
See Also
References
External Links
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Colonialism
- Wikipedia's article - Colonialism
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