Theca interna

Theca interna is a layer of the ovarian follicle that plays a crucial role in the development and function of the ovary. It is located just outside the basement membrane that surrounds the granulosa cells and is responsible for the production of androgens, which are then converted into estrogens by the granulosa cells.

Etymology

The term "theca" is derived from the Greek word "θήκη" (thēkē), which means "case" or "sheath". The term "interna" is Latin for "internal", referring to its location within the ovarian follicle.

Structure

The theca interna is a layer of the ovarian follicle that is located just outside the basement membrane that surrounds the granulosa cells. It is composed of connective tissue and contains blood vessels that supply the follicle with nutrients and hormones. The theca interna is distinguishable from the theca externa, another layer of the ovarian follicle, by its darker staining properties and its role in hormone production.

Function

The primary function of the theca interna is the production of androgens, including androstenedione and testosterone. These androgens are then converted into estrogens by the granulosa cells, a process known as aromatization. This is facilitated by the enzyme aromatase, which is produced by the granulosa cells. The estrogens produced by this process play a crucial role in the development and function of the female reproductive system.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the function of the theca interna can lead to a variety of medical conditions. For example, overproduction of androgens by the theca interna can lead to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition characterized by irregular menstrual periods, excessive hair growth, and infertility. On the other hand, underproduction of androgens can lead to hypogonadism, a condition characterized by low sex drive, hot flashes, and other symptoms.

See also

• Ovarian follicle
• Granulosa cell
• Theca of follicle
• Theca externa
• Androgen
• Estrogen
• Aromatase

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