Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | SIADH, Schwartz-Bartter syndrome |
| Pronounce | |
| Specialty | Endocrinology |
| Symptoms | Hyponatremia, low serum osmolality, high urine osmolality |
| Complications | Seizures, coma, cerebral edema |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Ectopic production of ADH, central nervous system disorders, pulmonary disorders, medications |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Laboratory tests, urine analysis, blood tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Fluid restriction, salt tablets, loop diuretics, vasopressin receptor antagonists |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a condition characterized by excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland or other sources. This syndrome was first described in 1957 by Schwartz et al.
Etiology[edit]
SIADH can be caused by various conditions, including malignant diseases, pulmonary diseases, central nervous system disorders, and the use of certain medications. The most common cause of SIADH is malignancy, particularly small cell lung cancer.
Pathophysiology[edit]
In SIADH, the excessive release of ADH leads to water retention and hyponatremia, a condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood. This is due to the fact that ADH increases the permeability of the renal tubules, allowing water to be reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
Clinical Features[edit]
The clinical features of SIADH are primarily related to hyponatremia. Symptoms can range from mild, such as nausea and malaise, to severe, including seizures and coma. The severity of symptoms is generally related to the rapidity of onset and the degree of hyponatremia.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of SIADH is based on clinical findings and laboratory tests. The key diagnostic criteria include hyponatremia, low serum osmolality, high urine osmolality, and clinical euvolemia.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of SIADH is primarily aimed at correcting the hyponatremia and treating the underlying cause. This may involve fluid restriction, administration of saline solution, or the use of medications such as vasopressin receptor antagonists.
See Also[edit]
| This article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by registering to expand it. |
Ad. Transform your life with W8MD's
GLP-1 weight loss injections special from $29.99 with insurance
|
WikiMD Medical Encyclopedia |
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Content may be inaccurate or outdated and should not be used for diagnosis or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider for medical decisions. Verify information with trusted sources such as CDC.gov and NIH.gov. By using this site, you agree that WikiMD is not liable for any outcomes related to its content. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian

