Siberia

Siberia is a vast geographical region spanning much of Eurasia and northern Asia. It extends eastward from the Ural Mountains to the watershed between the Pacific Ocean and the Arctic Ocean, and southward from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and the borders of Mongolia and China.

Geography

Siberia covers an area of approximately 13.1 million square kilometers, which accounts for 77% of Russia's total land area. Despite its large size, it is largely uninhabited, with a population density of about three people per square kilometer. The region is known for its harsh climate, with extremely cold winters, particularly in the tundra and taiga biomes.

Climate

The climate of Siberia varies dramatically, but it typically has short summers and long, brutally cold winters. On the north coast, temperatures in winter can drop below minus 50 degrees Celsius. In the central regions, a continental climate prevails, with temperatures varying from 30 degrees Celsius in the summer to minus 40 degrees in the winter.

History

The history of Siberia is a complex tapestry of cultures and peoples. The region was first inhabited by various nomadic tribes, including the Scythians, Huns, and Mongols. In the 16th century, the Tsardom of Russia conquered the region from the Khanate of Sibir, leading to a period of Russian colonization.

Economy

Siberia is rich in natural resources, including oil, natural gas, and minerals. The region's economy is heavily dependent on these resources, with major industries including mining, oil and gas extraction, and forestry. The Trans-Siberian Railway, the longest railway line in the world, is a vital transport link for Siberia's economy.

Flora and Fauna

Siberia is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. The region's vast forests, known as the Siberian taiga, are the largest continuous forest area in the world. Siberia is also home to a variety of wildlife, including the Siberian tiger, brown bear, and snow leopard.

See Also

• History of Siberia
• Geography of Siberia
• Climate of Siberia
• Economy of Siberia
• Flora and fauna of Siberia

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