Septum primum
Septum primum
Septum primum (/ˈsɛptəm ˈprɪməm/; Latin, "first wall") is a structure in the embryonic heart that contributes to the formation of the interatrial septum, which separates the two atria.
Etymology
The term "septum primum" is derived from Latin, with "septum" meaning "wall" and "primum" meaning "first". This refers to its role as the first septum to form in the embryonic heart.
Development
The septum primum grows down from the roof of the primitive atrium, towards the endocardial cushions. As it grows, it leaves a small opening called the ostium primum. Eventually, the septum primum fuses with the endocardial cushions, closing the ostium primum. However, before this fusion is complete, a second opening called the ostium secundum forms in the septum primum, ensuring continuous blood flow between the atria.
Clinical significance
Defects in the formation of the septum primum can lead to congenital heart conditions such as atrial septal defect and ostium primum defect. These conditions can cause a variety of symptoms, including shortness of breath, fatigue, and heart palpitations.
Related terms
- Septum secundum: A second septum that forms in the embryonic heart, overlapping with the septum primum to form the complete interatrial septum.
- Endocardial cushions: Structures in the embryonic heart that contribute to the formation of the interatrial septum, among other things.
- Ostium primum: The initial opening in the septum primum that allows blood to flow between the atria.
- Ostium secundum: A second opening that forms in the septum primum before the ostium primum is closed, ensuring continuous blood flow between the atria.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Septum primum
- Wikipedia's article - Septum primum
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