Reactive Oxygen Species
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) [1] are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen. Examples include peroxides, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, and alpha-oxygen. In the body, ROS are formed as a natural byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen and have important roles in cell signaling and homeostasis.
Etymology
The term "Reactive Oxygen Species" is derived from the chemical reactivity of these molecules, and their oxygen content. The term is often used to describe harmful oxygen-containing molecules that can damage cells and tissues in the body.
Related Terms
- Oxidative Stress: A condition that occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of ROS and the body's ability to counteract or detoxify their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants.
- Antioxidants: Substances that can prevent or slow damage to cells caused by ROS. They do this by neutralizing the ROS once they are produced.
- Free Radicals: Atoms or molecules that have an unpaired electron in an atomic orbital. Many of the ROS are free radicals.
- Superoxide Dismutase: An enzyme that helps break down potentially harmful oxygen molecules in cells, which might prevent damage to tissues. It is an important antioxidant defense in nearly all cells exposed to oxygen.
See Also
References
- ↑ == Template:IPA ==
The Template:IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is a system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.
Pronunciation
The pronunciation of the term "IPA" is /aɪ piː eɪ/ in English.
Etymology
The term "IPA" is an acronym for the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Association, founded in 1886, created the IPA to provide a single, universal system for the transcription of spoken language.
Related Terms
- Phonetic notation: A system used to visually represent the sounds of speech. The IPA is one type of phonetic notation.
- Phonetics: The study of the physical sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phonemes), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception.
- Phonology: The study of the way sounds function within a particular language or languages. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a particular language or languages.
- Transcription (linguistics): The systematic representation of spoken language in written form. The source of the words transcribe and transcription, the term means "to write across" in Latin, and it's the process of converting spoken language into written form. In linguistics, this is often done using the IPA.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Reactive Oxygen Species
- Wikipedia's article - Reactive Oxygen Species
This WikiMD dictionary article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.
Languages: - East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski
This WikiMD.org article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.