Pythagorean cup

Pythagorean Cup

Cross section of a Pythagorean cup

A Pythagorean cup is a type of drinking vessel that is designed to function as a practical joke device. It is attributed to the ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras, who is more famously known for his contributions to mathematics and philosophy. The cup is also known as a "greedy cup" or "Tantalus cup" due to its unique mechanism that punishes the user for excessive greed.

Design and Mechanism

The Pythagorean cup appears to be an ordinary drinking cup at first glance. However, it contains a hidden siphon mechanism that is cleverly integrated into its structure. The cup has a central column that rises from the base to the rim, with a small hole at the bottom of the column.

When the cup is filled with liquid up to a certain level, it functions normally, allowing the user to drink without any issue. However, if the user attempts to fill the cup beyond this level, the liquid begins to flow through the siphon and out through the bottom of the cup, emptying the entire contents. This mechanism serves as a humorous reminder of the consequences of greed.

Historical Context

Diagram of a Pythagorean cup

The Pythagorean cup is believed to have been invented in ancient Greece, possibly by Pythagoras himself or by his followers. It is said to have been used as a teaching tool to illustrate the principle of moderation and the dangers of excess. The cup's design reflects the philosophical teachings of Pythagoras, who emphasized balance and harmony in all aspects of life.

The concept of the Pythagorean cup has been preserved through the ages, and similar devices have been found in various cultures, often used as novelty items or educational tools.

Modern Usage

Today, Pythagorean cups are often sold as souvenirs or novelty items in regions with a rich Greek heritage. They are popular among tourists and collectors who appreciate their historical significance and clever design.

Pythagorean cups sold in Crete

In addition to their use as a practical joke, Pythagorean cups are sometimes employed in educational settings to demonstrate principles of fluid dynamics and hydraulics. They serve as a tangible example of how ancient technology can be both functional and entertaining.

Related Pages

• Pythagoras
• Siphon
• Ancient Greek inventions
• Philosophy of Pythagoras