Pyrrole
Pyrrole
Pyrrole (pronounced: /ˈpɪroʊl/) is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula C4H4NH. It is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air.
Etymology
The term "pyrrole" was coined from the Greek word "pyrros" which means "fiery", due to its flammability.
Structure and Properties
Pyrrole is a polar molecule with dipole-dipole interactions between molecules, which gives it a higher boiling point compared to similar sized molecules. It is a weak base, with a pKa of -3.8. The molecule is aromatic because it meets the four conditions of Hückel's rule.
Synthesis
Pyrrole can be synthesized through several methods, including the Paal-Knorr synthesis, the Barton-Zard synthesis, and the Van Leusen reaction.
Uses
Pyrrole is used as a building block in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is a precursor to many drugs, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. It is also used in the manufacture of polypyrrole, a conducting polymer.
Related Terms
- Heterocyclic compound
- Aromaticity
- Paal-Knorr synthesis
- Barton-Zard synthesis
- Van Leusen reaction
- Polypyrrole
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Pyrrole
- Wikipedia's article - Pyrrole
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