Proxymetacaine
Proxymetacaine (pronounced: prok-see-met-uh-kane) is a type of local anesthetic used primarily in ophthalmology.
Etymology
The term "Proxymetacaine" is derived from the Greek words "proxys" meaning near, and "metakainein" meaning to change. This refers to the drug's ability to temporarily numb or change the sensation in the area where it is applied.
Usage
Proxymetacaine is used to numb the surface of the eye (cornea and conjunctiva) for procedures such as tonometry, gonioscopy, removal of foreign bodies, and for short corneal and conjunctival procedures. It is often used in combination with a fluorescein dye which helps to highlight any damage to the surface of the eye.
Pharmacology
Proxymetacaine works by blocking sodium channels in the nerve endings at the site of application. This prevents the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses, thereby producing local anesthesia.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Proxymetacaine include transient stinging, burning, or blurred vision upon instillation. Prolonged use can lead to corneal epithelial cell toxicity and delayed corneal healing.
Related Terms
- Local Anesthetic: A type of medication used to prevent pain in a specific area of the body.
- Ophthalmology: The branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.
- Cornea: The clear front surface of the eye.
- Conjunctiva: The clear, thin membrane that covers the front surface of the eye and the inner part of the eyelids.
- Fluorescein: A synthetic organic compound available as a dark orange/red powder slightly soluble in water and alcohol. It is widely used as a fluorescent tracer for many applications.
- Sodium Channels: Protein molecules that allow sodium ions to flow across cell membranes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Proxymetacaine
- Wikipedia's article - Proxymetacaine
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