Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic (pronunciation: pro·kary·ot·ic, /proʊˌkæriˈɒtɪk/) organisms are a group of organisms that lack a cell nucleus (or nucleus), or any other membrane-bound organelles. The term prokaryotic is derived from the Greek words pro meaning 'before' and karyon meaning 'nut or kernel'.
Etymology
The term "Prokaryotic" comes from the Greek words pro, meaning "before", and karyon, meaning "kernel" or "nut". This refers to these organisms having cells that lack a true nucleus, which is a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells.
Characteristics
Prokaryotic organisms, which include bacteria and archaea, are usually unicellular, but some species may form colonies. They are characterized by the lack of a distinct nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, and by the presence of a rigid cell wall.
Classification
Prokaryotes are divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea. Bacteria are generally the most recognizable prokaryotes and can be found in various environments around the world. Archaea, on the other hand, are a group of prokaryotes that were initially classified as bacteria but were reclassified after it was discovered that they have distinct biochemical and genetic properties.
Related Terms
- Eukaryotic: Organisms with complex cells, in which the genetic material is organized into membrane-bound nuclei.
- Cell Nucleus: A membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's chromosomes.
- Membrane-bound Organelles: Components of the cell that are enclosed by a lipid bilayer, including the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts (in plants).
- Cell Wall: A rigid layer that provides protection and structural support to the cell.
- Bacteria: One of the two domains of prokaryotic life.
- Archaea: One of the two domains of prokaryotic life, distinct from bacteria.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Prokaryotic
- Wikipedia's article - Prokaryotic
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