Proband
Proband
Proband (/ˈproʊbænd/), also known as propositus or proposita for females, is a term used in genetics and medicine to denote a particular subject (individual or organism) being studied or reported on.
Etymology
The term "proband" is derived from the Latin word "probare" which means "to test" or "to prove". The term is often used in the context of genetic research where the "proband" is the first identified case of a genetic disorder in a family.
Related Terms
- Index case: The first documented patient in the onset of an epidemiological investigation, or more generally, the first case of a condition or syndrome (not necessarily genetic) to be described in the medical literature.
- Pedigree: A diagram that depicts the biological relationships between an organism and its ancestors.
- Genotype: The part of the genetic makeup of a cell, and therefore of any individual, which determines one of its characteristics (phenotype).
- Phenotype: The composite of an organism's observable characteristics or traits.
Usage
In medical genetics, the proband is the first affected individual seeking medical attention for a genetic disorder. This person is used as a starting point for the construction of a family tree. The proband's relatives can be further tested to establish the pattern of inheritance within the family.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Proband
- Wikipedia's article - Proband
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