Pancreatic pseudocyst

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Pancreatic pseudocyst
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating
Complications	Infection, hemorrhage, rupture, obstruction
Onset	Typically weeks after acute pancreatitis
Duration	Can persist for weeks to months
Types	N/A
Causes	Acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, abdominal trauma
Risks	Alcohol use disorder, gallstones, abdominal injury
Diagnosis	CT scan, MRI, ultrasound
Differential diagnosis	Pancreatic cyst, pancreatic abscess, cystic neoplasm
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Observation, endoscopic drainage, surgical drainage
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Occurs in 10-20% of acute pancreatitis cases
Deaths	N/A

CT scan showing pancreatic pseudocyst

Total parenteral nutrition setup

Pancreatic pseudocyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms in the pancreas, often as a result of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). These pseudocysts are not true cysts, as they are not lined by epithelium. Instead, they are surrounded by a wall of fibrous tissue. Pancreatic pseudocysts can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, and treatment often involves draining the fluid from the pseudocyst.

Causes

Pancreatic pseudocysts are most commonly caused by pancreatitis, particularly chronic pancreatitis. They can also occur as a result of trauma to the pancreas or pancreatic surgery. The exact mechanism by which these conditions lead to pseudocyst formation is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve the leakage of pancreatic enzymes into the surrounding tissue, causing inflammation and the formation of a fibrous wall.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a pancreatic pseudocyst can vary depending on its size and location. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and a palpable mass in the abdomen. In some cases, a pseudocyst may cause jaundice if it compresses the common bile duct.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of a pancreatic pseudocyst is typically made through imaging studies. An ultrasound or CT scan of the abdomen can often reveal the presence of a pseudocyst. In some cases, an MRI or ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) may be used to provide more detailed information about the pseudocyst and the surrounding structures.

Treatment

The treatment of a pancreatic pseudocyst depends on its size, location, and whether it is causing symptoms. Small, asymptomatic pseudocysts may simply be monitored, as they often resolve on their own. Larger or symptomatic pseudocysts often require drainage, which can be done through endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical methods.

See also

• Pancreatitis
• Pancreatic cyst
• Pancreatic surgery