Oxyclozanide

Oxyclozanide

Oxyclozanide is a salicylanilide anthelmintic. It is used in the treatment and control of fasciolosis in ruminants primarily sheep and cattle. It is capable of killing all stages of Fasciola hepatica from newly ingested immature forms to fully mature adult flukes.

History

Oxyclozanide was first developed in the 1960s by Wellcome Research Laboratories as a treatment for fasciolosis. It has since been used worldwide and is considered a safe and effective treatment for this disease.

Pharmacology

Oxyclozanide works by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation in flukes, this causes a disruption in the fluke's energy metabolism, leading to paralysis and death of the parasite. It is effective against both mature and immature flukes, as well as against some other gastrointestinal roundworms.

Usage

Oxyclozanide is administered orally, usually in the form of a drench. The recommended dosage is 10 mg/kg body weight for sheep and 15 mg/kg for cattle. It is not recommended for use in animals with impaired liver function or for pregnant ewes during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Side Effects

Side effects are rare but can include salivation, diarrhea, and in rare cases, death. These side effects are usually associated with overdosage.

Resistance

Resistance to oxyclozanide has been reported in some countries, including Ireland and the Netherlands. This resistance is believed to be due to the overuse of the drug, and the lack of rotation with other anthelmintics.

See Also

• Anthelmintic
• Fasciolosis
• Salicylanilide

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