Osgood–Schlatter disease

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Osgood–Schlatter disease
Synonyms	Osteochondritis of the tibial tubercle, apophysitis of the tibial tubercle
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Orthopedics
Symptoms	Knee pain, swelling below the knee, tenderness
Complications	Chronic pain, knee instability
Onset	Adolescence
Duration	Months to years
Types	N/A
Causes	Repetitive stress on the knee
Risks	Sports participation, growth spurts
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis, X-ray
Differential diagnosis	Patellar tendinitis, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome
Prevention	Stretching, strengthening exercises
Treatment	Rest, ice, physical therapy, NSAIDs
Medication	Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Prognosis	Generally good, resolves with time
Frequency	Common in active adolescents
Deaths	N/A

Male with Osgood–Schlatter disease

Three types of avulsion fractures

Osgood–Schlatter disease

Straight Leg Raise Exercise

Osgood–Schlatter disease (OSD) is a condition that causes pain and swelling below the knee joint, where the patellar tendon attaches to the shinbone (tibia), a spot called the tibial tuberosity. There may also be inflammation of the patellar ligament, which stretches over the kneecap. It is one of the most common causes of knee pain in adolescents.

Causes

OSD is thought to be caused by small injuries due to repeated overuse before the knee area has finished growing. When activities such as running and jumping put strain on the knee, the quadriceps muscles of the thigh pull on the patellar ligament which in turn pulls on the tibial tuberosity. In some kids who are active in sports, these forces can cause the tibial tuberosity to become inflamed.

Symptoms

The main symptom is pain just below the kneecap. The pain usually worsens with exercise and is relieved by rest. Other symptoms may include swelling and tenderness at the tibial tuberosity, and tightness of the surrounding muscles.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis is usually made based on the symptoms and physical examination. X-rays are sometimes used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment usually involves rest and reducing activity until the pain subsides. Over-the-counter pain relievers may also be used. In severe cases, a cast or brace may be needed.

Prognosis

The prognosis is generally good, with most individuals recovering after a period of rest.

See also

• Knee pain
• Patellar tendonitis
• Jumper's knee

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