Opuntia
Opuntia
Opuntia (pronounced /oʊˈpʌnʃiə/), also known as the prickly pear or nopal, is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family, Cactaceae.
Etymology
The name "Opuntia" originates from the Ancient Greek city of Opus, where, according to Theophrastus, an edible plant grew and could be propagated by rooting its leaves.
Description
Opuntia are characterized by their flat, paddle-shaped stems, known as cladodes, which are modified branches that serve the dual purpose of photosynthesis and water storage. The plants are covered in clusters of fine, tiny barbed spines called glochids that can easily penetrate skin and detach from the plant. Many types of Opuntia are known to bear edible fruits, commonly referred to as prickly pears.
Medical Uses
Opuntia has been used in traditional medicine for treating a range of health conditions. The plant's high fiber and pectin content have been found beneficial in treating diabetes by decreasing the absorption of sugar in the stomach and intestine. The extract of Opuntia has also been used in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, alcohol hangover, and viral infections.
Related Terms
- Cactaceae: The botanical family to which Opuntia belongs.
- Cladode: A type of plant stem that performs photosynthesis.
- Glochid: Tiny barbed spines found on Opuntia and other cacti.
- Prickly pear: The common name for the fruit of the Opuntia.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Opuntia
- Wikipedia's article - Opuntia
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