Nutcracker
Nutcracker Syndrome
Nutcracker syndrome (pronounced: /ˈnʌtˌkrækər ˈsɪndroʊm/), also known as left renal vein entrapment or mesoaortic compression of the left renal vein, is a condition that occurs when the left renal vein becomes compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery.
Etymology
The term "nutcracker" is used to describe this condition because the left renal vein is compressed much like a nut in a nutcracker. The term "syndrome" is used to describe a collection of symptoms that often occur together.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Nutcracker syndrome can vary, but often include hematuria (blood in the urine), flank pain (pain in the side and back), and varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum) in males or pelvic congestion syndrome (chronic pelvic pain due to varicose veins in the lower abdomen) in females.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Nutcracker syndrome is often made through imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or Doppler ultrasound.
Treatment
Treatment options for Nutcracker syndrome can include observation, medication, or surgery. The choice of treatment often depends on the severity of the symptoms and the overall health of the patient.
Related Terms
- Renal vein
- Aorta
- Superior mesenteric artery
- Hematuria
- Flank pain
- Varicocele
- Pelvic congestion syndrome
- Computed tomography
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Doppler ultrasound
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nutcracker
- Wikipedia's article - Nutcracker
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