Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder

Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder
Synonyms	NS-RED
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Eating while asleep, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, weight gain
Complications	Obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension
Onset	Usually in adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Unknown, possibly related to sleep disorders
Risks	Sleepwalking, stress, sleep deprivation, medications
Diagnosis	Polysomnography, sleep study
Differential diagnosis	Night eating syndrome, sleepwalking, REM sleep behavior disorder
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Cognitive behavioral therapy, medication
Medication	Clonazepam, topiramate
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Nocturnal Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (NSRED), also known as Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (SRED), is a condition characterized by abnormal eating patterns during the night. Individuals with NSRED are partially awake during the episodes and have little to no memory of the events. This disorder is a parasomnia and a type of sleep disorder that disrupts normal sleep patterns.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

The primary symptom of NSRED is recurrent episodes of eating after falling asleep, with no recollection of the activity. These episodes can lead to significant weight gain and can be dangerous, as individuals may eat inedible or toxic substances without awareness. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history, sleep diary, and may include a polysomnogram (sleep study) to rule out other sleep disorders.

Causes

The exact cause of NSRED is unknown, but it is believed to be related to disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle. Factors that may contribute include stress, diet, other sleep disorders such as narcolepsy or sleepwalking, and certain medications. There is also evidence to suggest a genetic component.

Treatment

Treatment for NSRED often involves addressing any underlying conditions or factors contributing to the disorder. Behavioral strategies, such as stress management and establishing a regular sleep schedule, can be effective. In some cases, medications that suppress nighttime awakenings or treat underlying sleep disorders may be prescribed.

Epidemiology

NSRED is relatively rare, but it can occur in individuals of any age. It is more commonly reported in women and those with a history of other sleep disorders or eating disorders.

Complications

If left untreated, NSRED can lead to a variety of complications, including significant weight gain, nutritional deficiencies, and injuries from eating non-food items or cooking while asleep. The disorder can also lead to psychological distress, including shame, guilt, and anxiety about the episodes.

See Also

• Parasomnia
• Eating Disorders
• Sleep Disorders
• Insomnia
• Sleepwalking