Neuroendocrine cells
Neuroendocrine cells
Neuroendocrine cells (pronunciation: /ˌnʊəroʊɪnˈdɒkrɪn/ cells) are a type of cell that receive neuronal input (neurotransmitters released by nerve cells or neurosecretory cells) and, as a consequence of this input, release message molecules (hormones) to the blood.
Etymology
The term "neuroendocrine" was first coined in the 1930s, and it is derived from the words "neuron" and "endocrine". "Neuron" comes from the Greek word "neuron" meaning "nerve", and "endocrine" comes from the Greek words "endo" meaning "within" and "krinein" meaning "to separate".
Function
Neuroendocrine cells are found throughout the body, in areas such as the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. They play a crucial role in the production and release of hormones that regulate a variety of bodily functions, including metabolism, growth, and mood.
Related Terms
- Neuroendocrine tumors: These are abnormal growths that begin in the neuroendocrine cells. They can occur anywhere in the body but are most commonly found in the lungs, appendix, small intestine, rectum, and pancreas.
- Neuroendocrine system: This is the system of the body that involves the neuroendocrine cells. It is responsible for the production and release of hormones.
- Neurotransmitters: These are the chemical messengers that transmit signals across a chemical synapse, such as a neuromuscular junction, from one neuron (nerve cell) to another "target" neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.
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