Nervous system diseases
Nervous System Diseases
Nervous system diseases, also known as neurological disorders, are conditions that affect the nervous system's structure, function, or overall health. The nervous system is a complex, sophisticated system that regulates and coordinates the body's activities. It is made up of two major divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
Pronunciation
Nervous system diseases: /ˈnɜːrvəs ˈsɪstəm dɪˈziːzɪz/
Etymology
The term "nervous system" originates from the Latin word "nervus" meaning "sinew, nerve" and the Greek word "systēma" meaning "whole compounded of several parts or members." The term "disease" comes from the Old French "desaise" meaning "lack, want; discomfort, distress; trouble, misfortune; disease, sickness."
Related Terms
- Neurology: The branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
- Neuropathy: A term that refers to general diseases or malfunctions of the nerves.
- Neurodegenerative diseases: Diseases characterized by the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons.
- Neuroinflammation: Inflammation of the nervous tissue.
- Neuroimmunology: The study of the interaction between our central nervous system (CNS) and immune system.
Categories of Nervous System Diseases
Nervous system diseases can be categorized into several types, including:
- Neurodegenerative diseases: These include conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease.
- Neurodevelopmental disorders: These are disorders that affect the development of the nervous system, leading to abnormal brain function. Examples include autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- Neuromuscular diseases: These affect the nerves that control voluntary muscles. Examples include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and myasthenia gravis.
- Cerebrovascular diseases: These are conditions that develop due to problems with the blood vessels that supply the brain. Examples include stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nervous system diseases
- Wikipedia's article - Nervous system diseases
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