Nephrosis

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Nephrosis
Synonyms	Nephrotic syndrome
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia
Complications	Infection, thrombosis, acute kidney injury
Onset	Variable, often in childhood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Diabetes mellitus, lupus, amyloidosis, minimal change disease
Risks	Hypertension, obesity, family history
Diagnosis	Urinalysis, blood test, kidney biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Nephritis, glomerulonephritis, chronic kidney disease
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, diuretics, ACE inhibitors
Medication	Prednisone, cyclophosphamide, furosemide, enalapril
Prognosis	Variable, depends on underlying cause
Frequency	Common
Deaths	Varies by region and underlying cause

Nephrosis is a non-inflammatory kidney condition characterized by damage to the tubules in the kidneys. It is often associated with large amounts of protein loss in the urine, low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, and swelling. Nephrosis is also known as nephrotic syndrome.

Causes

Nephrosis can be caused by a variety of conditions, including diabetes, lupus, and certain drugs. It can also be caused by infections such as HIV, hepatitis, and malaria. In some cases, the cause of nephrosis is unknown.

Symptoms

The symptoms of nephrosis can vary, but often include swelling, particularly in the legs and around the eyes, foamy urine, weight gain, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to kidney failure.

Diagnosis

Nephrosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, urine tests, blood tests, and sometimes a kidney biopsy. The diagnosis is often confirmed by finding high levels of protein in the urine and low levels of protein in the blood.

Treatment

The treatment for nephrosis typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve medication to control diabetes, lupus, or other conditions, or it may involve treating any infections that may be present. In some cases, dietary changes may also be recommended.

Prognosis

The prognosis for nephrosis can vary depending on the underlying cause of the condition and the individual's overall health. In some cases, with appropriate treatment, the condition can be managed and the individual can lead a normal life. In other cases, the condition can lead to kidney failure and may require dialysis or a kidney transplant.

See also

• Kidney disease
• Chronic kidney disease
• Acute kidney injury

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