NLRP3
NLRP3
NLRP3 (pronounced as en-el-ahr-pee-three), also known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 or Cryopyrin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene.
Etymology
The term NLRP3 is an acronym derived from the features of the protein: NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3. The NACHT domain is named after four proteins in which it was originally identified: NAIP, CIITA, HET-E, and TP1. LRR stands for leucine-rich repeat, and PYD stands for pyrin domain.
Function
NLRP3 is part of the NLR (NOD-like receptor) family and plays a crucial role in the immune system by controlling a process called inflammation. When activated, NLRP3 forms a multi-protein complex known as the NLRP3 inflammasome. This inflammasome activates the caspase-1 enzyme, which goes on to activate inflammatory cytokines that respond to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, toxins, or cellular damage.
Related Terms
- Inflammasome: A multi-protein complex that is formed in response to harmful stimuli and leads to the activation of inflammatory responses.
- Caspase-1: An enzyme that is activated by the NLRP3 inflammasome and leads to the activation of inflammatory cytokines.
- Cytokines: Small proteins that are crucial in cell signaling in the immune system.
- NOD-like receptor: A family of proteins that play a key role in the immune system and inflammation.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on NLRP3
- Wikipedia's article - NLRP3
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