Mushroom poisoning

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Mushroom poisoning
File:Amanita phalloides 1.JPG
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, liver failure, kidney failure
Complications	Liver failure, kidney failure, death
Onset	Typically 6-12 hours after ingestion
Duration	Varies depending on the type of mushroom and treatment
Types	Amatoxin poisoning, Gyromitrin poisoning, Orellanine poisoning, Muscarine poisoning, Psilocybin poisoning
Causes	Ingestion of toxic mushrooms
Risks	Foraging for wild mushrooms without proper knowledge
Diagnosis	Based on history of ingestion, symptoms, and identification of mushroom
Differential diagnosis	Gastroenteritis, food poisoning, viral hepatitis
Prevention	Avoiding consumption of wild mushrooms unless identified by an expert
Treatment	Activated charcoal, gastric lavage, supportive care, liver transplant in severe cases
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Varies; can be fatal if not treated promptly
Frequency	Unknown; varies by region and foraging habits
Deaths	N/A

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File:Amanita verna (destroying angel mushroom).jpg

Amanita verna (destroying_angel_mushroom)

Mushroom poisoning refers to harmful effects from ingestion of toxic substances present in a mushroom. These toxins can pose serious health risks and in some cases, can be fatal.

Symptoms

The symptoms of mushroom poisoning can vary, depending on the specific toxin involved. They can range from mild gastrointestinal discomfort to severe, life-threatening organ failure. Symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness, hallucinations, and in severe cases, coma or death.

Causes

Mushroom poisoning is caused by the consumption of raw or cooked fruiting bodies (mushrooms, toadstools) of a number of species of higher fungi. The term toadstool (from the German Todesstuhl, death's stool) is commonly given to poisonous mushrooms, but for individuals not expert in mushroom identification, differentiation between edible and poisonous fungi is not possible based on macroscopic morphology alone.

Treatment

Treatment for mushroom poisoning depends on the specific toxin that has been ingested. In some cases, the patient may need to be hospitalized and given supportive care, such as fluids and medications to control symptoms. In severe cases, the patient may need a liver transplant.

Prevention

Prevention of mushroom poisoning is best achieved by only consuming wild mushrooms that have been identified by a skilled mycologist. In addition, it is recommended to only eat wild mushrooms that are known to be safe and to avoid those that are potentially toxic.

See also

• List of deadly fungi
• Mycotoxicology
• Mycology

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