Mucositis

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Mucositis
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Pain, ulceration, erythema, edema
Complications	Infection, bleeding, malnutrition
Onset	During or after chemotherapy, radiotherapy
Duration	Varies, often resolves after treatment ends
Types	N/A
Causes	Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, stem cell transplant
Risks	High-dose chemotherapy, radiation to the head and neck, poor oral hygiene
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, patient history
Differential diagnosis	Oral candidiasis, herpes simplex virus infection, aphthous stomatitis
Prevention	Good oral hygiene, cryotherapy, palifermin
Treatment	Pain management, oral care, topical anesthetics, antimicrobial mouthwash
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally resolves after treatment, but can lead to complications
Frequency	Common in patients undergoing cancer treatment
Deaths	N/A

Mucositis is a pathological condition characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract. This condition is a common and often severe complication of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, particularly therapies that are directed at the head and neck.

Causes

Mucositis is typically caused by cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. These treatments can damage the rapidly dividing cells of the mucous membranes, leading to inflammation and ulceration. Other potential causes include certain medications, infections, and diseases that affect the immune system.

Symptoms

The symptoms of mucositis can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the area of the digestive tract that is affected. Common symptoms include pain and discomfort in the mouth or throat, difficulty swallowing, changes in taste, and a dry or coated mouth. In severe cases, mucositis can lead to serious complications such as infection and malnutrition.

Treatment

The treatment of mucositis primarily involves managing the symptoms and preventing complications. This may include pain management, nutritional support, and the use of medications to treat or prevent infections. In some cases, adjustments to the cancer treatment regimen may be necessary.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for mucositis may include good oral hygiene, avoiding irritants such as alcohol and tobacco, and the use of certain medications that can help protect the mucous membranes.

See also

• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Oral hygiene

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