Mitral valve replacement
Mitral Valve Replacement
Mitral valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure in which a patient's diseased mitral valve is replaced by either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve.
Pronunciation
mi·tral valve re·place·ment
Etymology
The term "mitral" is derived from the Latin word "mitra", which means "a bishop's mitre" due to the valve's two-flap structure resembling a bishop's hat. The term "replacement" comes from the Latin "re-" meaning "back" and "placere" meaning "to please", indicating the restoration of the valve's function.
Procedure
Mitral valve replacement is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the chest to access the heart and places the patient on cardiopulmonary bypass. The diseased mitral valve is then removed and replaced with a new valve. The choice between a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve depends on a variety of factors, including the patient's age, lifestyle, and personal preference.
Related Terms
- Mitral valve: One of the four valves in the heart, located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
- Cardiac surgery: A field of medicine focused on surgical treatment of conditions affecting the heart.
- General anesthesia: A state of unconsciousness and lack of sensation induced for medical procedures.
- Cardiopulmonary bypass: A technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery.
- Mechanical valve: A type of replacement heart valve made from synthetic materials.
- Bioprosthetic valve: A type of replacement heart valve made from biological materials, often from animal tissue.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Mitral valve replacement
- Wikipedia's article - Mitral valve replacement
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