Micrognathism

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Micrognathism (pronounced: /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈnæθɪzəm/) is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally small jaw, specifically the mandible. The term is derived from the Greek words "micros" meaning small, and "gnathos" meaning jaw.

Definition

Micrognathism is a condition where the lower jaw is significantly smaller or shorter than the rest of the face. This can lead to difficulties with eating, breathing, and speaking. It is often diagnosed in infancy or early childhood, and treatment options can include surgery or orthodontic devices.

Causes

Micrognathism can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic conditions such as Pierre Robin sequence or Treacher Collins syndrome, or it can be a result of premature closure of the mandibular growth plate. It can also be associated with other conditions such as Down syndrome or Progeria.

Symptoms

Symptoms of micrognathism can include a receding or small chin, difficulties with feeding in infants, breathing problems, and speech difficulties. In severe cases, it can lead to sleep apnea due to obstruction of the airway.

Treatment

Treatment for micrognathism can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the age of the patient. In mild cases, orthodontic treatment may be sufficient to correct the problem. In more severe cases, surgery may be required to lengthen the jaw. This is often done in conjunction with orthodontic treatment.

See Also

External links

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