Miasma theory
Miasma Theory
Miasma theory (pronunciation: /maɪˈæzmə/, from the Ancient Greek: μίασμα, miasma, "pollution") is a historical medical theory that held diseases—such as cholera, chlamydia, or the Black Death—were caused by a miasma (Ancient Greek: μίασμα, miasma, "pollution"), a noxious form of "bad air".
Etymology
The term "miasma" is derived from the Ancient Greek word miasma, meaning "pollution". The theory posited that diseases were the product of environmental factors such as contaminated water, foul air, and poor hygienic conditions. Such beliefs were widely held in the Middle Ages and were further propagated in the Victorian era.
History
The miasma theory was accepted from ancient times in Europe, India, and China. The theory was eventually given up by scientists and physicians after 1880, replaced by the germ theory of disease, specific germs, not miasma, caused specific diseases. However, cultural beliefs about getting rid of odor made the clean-up of waste a high priority for cities.
Related Terms
- Epidemiology: The study and analysis of the distribution, patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.
- Germ theory of disease: The currently accepted scientific theory for many diseases. It states that microorganisms known as pathogens or "germs" can lead to disease.
- Public health: The science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Miasma theory
- Wikipedia's article - Miasma theory
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