Mental processes
Mental processes
Mental processes (pronunciation: /ˈmɛntəl ˈproʊsɛsɪz/), also known as cognitive functions, are the various tasks our minds carry out, from perceiving external stimuli to complex thought processes such as reasoning and problem-solving.
Etymology
The term "mental" is derived from the late Middle English word "mental", from Latin "mentalis", from "mens" meaning 'mind'. The term "process" comes from the Latin "processus" meaning 'progression, course'.
Definition
Mental processes encompass a wide range of cognitive functions, including perception, attention, memory, thinking, and language. These processes are responsible for our interaction with the world and constitute our conscious and unconscious thinking and feeling.
Perception
Perception (pronunciation: /pərˈsɛpʃən/) is the process by which we interpret sensory information from our environment. This includes recognizing and interpreting sensory stimuli through the five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
Attention
Attention (pronunciation: /əˈtɛnʃən/) is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things. It is one of the most crucial mental processes as it allows us to focus our mental resources on relevant information while filtering out irrelevant information.
Memory
Memory (pronunciation: /ˈmɛməri/) is the mental process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information. It is a crucial process for learning, reasoning, and decision making.
Thinking
Thinking (pronunciation: /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/) is the process of using logic and reasoning to interpret information. It involves various sub-processes such as problem-solving, decision making, and creative thinking.
Language
Language (pronunciation: /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/) is a system of symbols and rules used for communication. It is a complex mental process that involves understanding and producing spoken and written words.
Related Terms
- Cognition: The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
- Consciousness: The state of being aware of and able to think and perceive; awareness.
- Intelligence: The ability to learn, understand, and apply knowledge.
- Learning: The process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Mental processes
- Wikipedia's article - Mental processes
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