Memory
Memory
Memory (pronunciation: /ˈmɛməri/) is the faculty of the brain by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed. It is the retention of information over time for the purpose of influencing future action.
Etymology
The term "memory" is derived from the Latin word "memoria" and the Old French word "memoire", both meaning "mindful" or "remembering".
Types of Memory
Memory can be classified into several types, each with its own unique characteristics and processes:
- Short-term memory - This type of memory allows recall for a period of several seconds to a minute without rehearsal. Its capacity is also very limited.
- Long-term memory - This is our brain's system for storing, managing, and retrieving information.
- Sensory memory - This is the shortest-term element of memory. It has the ability to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimuli have ended.
- Working memory - This is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily.
- Explicit memory - This involves conscious thought such as recalling who, what, when, and where.
- Implicit memory - This involves recall that happens without conscious awareness.
Related Terms
- Encoding (memory) - The first process in the memory system, it involves converting information into a form that can be stored in memory.
- Retrieval (memory) - The process of getting information out of memory storage.
- Memory consolidation - The process in which our brains convert short-term memories into long-term ones.
- Memory recall - The process of retrieving information from memory storage.
- Memory loss - This refers to unusual forgetfulness. It may refer to not being able to remember new events, not being able to recall one or more memories of the past, or both.
- Amnesia - A form of memory loss. Some people with amnesia have difficulty forming new memories.
- Dementia - A group of thinking and social symptoms that interferes with daily functioning. Memory loss is a common symptom of dementia.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Memory
- Wikipedia's article - Memory
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