Marginal zone lymphoma

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Marginal zone lymphoma
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss
Complications	Transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Onset	Typically in adults
Duration	Chronic
Types	Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, Nodal marginal zone lymphoma, Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
Causes	Unknown, but associated with chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases
Risks	Helicobacter pylori infection, Hepatitis C infection, autoimmune disorders
Diagnosis	Biopsy, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic analysis
Differential diagnosis	Follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good, but varies with type and stage
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Dark, light, mantle, and marginal zones of a secondary follicle

Helicobacter pylori

B-cell receptor (BCR)

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is a type of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects B cells. It is named for the marginal zone of the lymph node where these cells are found. MZL is a slow-growing, or indolent, lymphoma. There are three types of MZL: extranodal MZL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), nodal MZL, and splenic MZL.

Types

Extranodal MZL of MALT

Extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma or MALT lymphoma, is the most common type of MZL. It can occur in various parts of the body, including the stomach, lungs, eyes, and skin.

Nodal MZL

Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma is a rare type of MZL that occurs in the lymph nodes.

Splenic MZL

Splenic marginal zone lymphoma affects the spleen and the blood. It can also affect the bone marrow.

Symptoms

Symptoms of MZL can vary depending on the type and location of the lymphoma. They may include swelling of the lymph nodes, stomach pain, fatigue, and weight loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of MZL typically involves a biopsy of the affected tissue. Other tests may include blood tests, imaging tests, and a bone marrow biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment for MZL depends on the type and stage of the lymphoma, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include watchful waiting, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and in some cases, surgery.

Prognosis

The prognosis for MZL is generally good, with many patients living for many years after diagnosis. However, the disease is often not curable and may require ongoing treatment.

See also

• Lymphoma
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
• B cells
• Lymph node

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