Manganism
Manganism
Manganism or manganese poisoning is a toxic condition resulting from chronic exposure to manganese. It was first described by James Couper in 1837.
Pronunciation
- IPA: /ˈmæŋɡəˌnɪzəm/
Etymology
The term "Manganism" is derived from the chemical symbol for manganese (Mn) and the suffix "-ism" which denotes a condition or disease.
Definition
Manganism is a neurological disorder characterized by symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, such as tremors, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. It is caused by the inhalation or ingestion of excessive amounts of manganese, a type of metal used in various industries.
Symptoms
The symptoms of manganism can be divided into early and late stages. Early symptoms include psychological disturbances, such as irritability and hallucinations, while late symptoms are more similar to Parkinson's disease and include tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
Causes
Manganism is primarily caused by chronic exposure to manganese, usually in the workplace. Occupations at risk include welders, miners, and workers in the battery, glass, and ceramics industries.
Treatment
Treatment for manganism primarily involves removing the source of manganese exposure and providing supportive care. Medications used to treat Parkinson's disease, such as levodopa, may also be used, but their effectiveness is limited.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Manganism
- Wikipedia's article - Manganism
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