Louse-borne relapsing fever
Louse-borne Relapsing Fever
Louse-borne relapsing fever (pronunciation: /laʊs bɔːrn riːˈlæpsɪŋ ˈfiːvər/), also known as epidemic relapsing fever or Borrelia recurrentis infection, is a bacterial infection transmitted by the human body louse.
Etymology
The term "louse-borne relapsing fever" is derived from the mode of transmission of the disease (via lice) and its characteristic symptom of recurring fever. The term "relapsing" comes from the Latin relapsus, meaning "falling back" or "returning", and "fever" is derived from the Latin febris, meaning "fever".
Definition
Louse-borne relapsing fever is a disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia recurrentis. It is characterized by recurring episodes of fever, along with other symptoms such as headache, muscle and joint pain, and nausea.
Transmission
The disease is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Pediculus humanus corporis, commonly known as the human body louse. The louse becomes infected by feeding on the blood of an infected person.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of louse-borne relapsing fever is a sudden onset of high fever, which lasts for 3-5 days, subsides, and then returns after a period of 7-10 days. This cycle can repeat several times. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle and joint pain, abdominal pain, vomiting, and a rash.
Treatment
Treatment for louse-borne relapsing fever typically involves antibiotics such as doxycycline, tetracycline, or penicillin. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.
Prevention
Prevention of louse-borne relapsing fever primarily involves control of body lice, particularly in crowded living conditions where the disease is most prevalent. This can be achieved through improved personal hygiene and regular changing and washing of clothes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Louse-borne relapsing fever
- Wikipedia's article - Louse-borne relapsing fever
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