Heparin necrosis

Heparin necrosis
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Hematology, Dermatology
Symptoms	Skin necrosis, pain, bruising
Complications	Thrombosis, infection
Onset	Typically 5-10 days after starting heparin
Duration	Variable, depending on treatment
Types	N/A
Causes	Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
Risks	Use of heparin, especially unfractionated heparin
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, blood tests for platelet count and antibody detection
Differential diagnosis	Warfarin-induced skin necrosis, purpura fulminans, calciphylaxis
Prevention	Monitoring platelet counts, using low molecular weight heparin
Treatment	Discontinuation of heparin, alternative anticoagulation
Medication	Direct thrombin inhibitors, factor Xa inhibitors
Prognosis	Variable, depends on severity and promptness of treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Heparin necrosis is a condition that can occur as a result of heparin therapy. It is characterized by the development of painful, necrotic skin lesions at the site of heparin injections. The condition is relatively rare, but can be serious if not treated promptly.

Causes

Heparin necrosis is caused by the administration of heparin, a medication used to prevent and treat blood clots. The exact mechanism by which heparin causes necrosis is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve an immune-mediated response.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of heparin necrosis is the development of painful, necrotic skin lesions at the site of heparin injections. These lesions typically appear within a few days of starting heparin therapy. Other symptoms can include fever, chills, and a general feeling of being unwell.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of heparin necrosis is primarily based on the presence of characteristic skin lesions in a patient receiving heparin therapy. Laboratory tests may be used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other potential causes of the symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for heparin necrosis involves discontinuing heparin therapy and starting an alternative anticoagulant. In severe cases, surgical debridement of the necrotic tissue may be necessary.

Prevention

Prevention of heparin necrosis involves careful monitoring of patients receiving heparin therapy, particularly those at high risk of developing the condition. This includes patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, a condition that can increase the risk of heparin necrosis.

See also

• Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
• Anticoagulant
• Necrosis

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