Fez, Morocco

File:Fes.JPG

File:2008-03-25 Universität al-Qarawīyīn.jpg

Fez

General Information
Name	Fez, Morocco
Native Name	فاس
Other Names
Settlement Type	City
Transliteration
Language 1
Type 1
Info 1
Location
Coordinates	34°2 N°5
Map
Population
Total	1,112,072
Density	per km²
Area
Total	km²
Land	km²
Water	km²
Government
Type
Leader
Time Zone
Standard	UTC
DST	UTC

Fez (Arabic: فاس , Fās) is a city in northern Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is one of the four "imperial cities" of Morocco, alongside Marrakesh, Rabat, and Meknes. Fez is renowned for its rich history, cultural heritage, and its well-preserved medieval architecture.

History

Fez was founded in 789 AD by Idris I, the founder of the Idrisid dynasty. The city grew rapidly and became a major center of religion and culture in the Islamic world. In the 9th century, the University of Al Quaraouiyine was established, which is considered by some to be the oldest existing, continually operating higher educational institution in the world.

During the Marinid dynasty in the 13th and 14th centuries, Fez reached its zenith as a center of learning and commerce. The Marinids constructed many of the city's most famous buildings, including the Bou Inania Madrasa and the Al-Attarine Madrasa.

Geography

Fez is located in the northern part of Morocco, situated in a valley surrounded by the Middle Atlas Mountains. The city is divided into three distinct parts: the old walled city, known as Fes el Bali, the newer part of the city, Fes Jdid, and the modern Ville Nouvelle built during the French colonial period.

Culture

Fez is often referred to as the "Mecca of the West" and the "Athens of Africa" due to its historical significance and its role as a center of Islamic scholarship. The city is famous for its medina, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which is one of the largest car-free urban areas in the world. The medina is a labyrinth of narrow streets, bustling souks, and historic buildings.

The city is also known for its traditional crafts, including leather tanning, pottery, and weaving. The Chouara Tannery is one of the oldest tanneries in the world and a popular tourist attraction.

Economy

Fez's economy is primarily based on traditional crafts, agriculture, and tourism. The city is famous for its leather goods, ceramics, and textiles. The tourism industry is a significant contributor to the local economy, with visitors drawn to the city's historical sites and cultural heritage.

Education

Fez is home to several educational institutions, including the University of Al Quaraouiyine, which continues to be a center of Islamic learning. The city also hosts modern universities and schools that offer a range of educational programs.

Transportation

Fez is well-connected by road and rail to other major cities in Morocco. The Fez-Saïss Airport provides domestic and international flights, making the city accessible to travelers from around the world.

Also see

• Marrakesh
• Rabat
• Meknes
• University of Al Quaraouiyine
• Chouara Tannery