Perianal hematoma

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Perianal hematoma
Synonyms	Perianal thrombosis, external hemorrhoid
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Pain, swelling near the anus, blue or purple discoloration
Complications	Infection, abscess formation
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Days to weeks
Types	N/A
Causes	Straining, constipation, heavy lifting, trauma
Risks	Constipation, pregnancy, obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Diagnosis	Physical examination
Differential diagnosis	Hemorrhoids, anal fissure, perianal abscess
Prevention	Avoid straining, maintain bowel regularity
Treatment	Pain management, sitz baths, surgical excision
Medication	Analgesics, topical anesthetics
Prognosis	Good with treatment
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Perianal Hematoma

Perianal Hematoma is a medical condition characterized by the collection of blood in the perianal tissue. It is often caused by the rupture of a small vein that drains blood from the anus and rectum.

Causes

The primary cause of a perianal hematoma is straining, which can occur during heavy lifting or while passing hard stool. Other potential causes include pregnancy, constipation, and diarrhea.

Symptoms

The main symptom of a perianal hematoma is a painful, tender lump near the anus. Other symptoms can include discomfort while sitting, rectal bleeding, and itching around the anus.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a perianal hematoma is typically made through a physical examination. In some cases, a proctoscopy may be performed to rule out other conditions such as hemorrhoids or anal fissures.

Treatment

Treatment for a perianal hematoma can vary depending on the size and severity of the condition. Small hematomas may resolve on their own without treatment. Larger hematomas may require a simple surgical procedure to drain the blood. Pain relief can be achieved through over-the-counter painkillers, warm baths, and the application of a topical anesthetic cream.

Prognosis

The prognosis for a perianal hematoma is generally good. Most people recover fully with appropriate treatment. However, if left untreated, a perianal hematoma can lead to complications such as anemia due to blood loss, or abscess formation.

See Also

• Hemorrhoids
• Anal fissures
• Proctoscopy

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