Eosinophilic leukemia
Eosinophilic leukemia is a rare form of leukemia characterized by the overproduction of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell. This condition can be classified into two main types: chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) and acute eosinophilic leukemia (AEL). Both types involve the abnormal proliferation of eosinophils in the bone marrow and peripheral blood.
Classification
Eosinophilic leukemia is classified based on the duration and severity of the disease:
- Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL): This type progresses more slowly and is characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the blood and bone marrow over a prolonged period.
- Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia (AEL): This type progresses rapidly and is marked by a significant increase in immature eosinophils, known as blasts, in the bone marrow and blood.
Symptoms
The symptoms of eosinophilic leukemia can vary but often include:
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Weight loss
- Night sweats
- Anemia
- Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen)
- Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
- Skin rashes
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of eosinophilic leukemia typically involves:
- Complete blood count (CBC) to check the levels of eosinophils
- Bone marrow biopsy to examine the bone marrow for abnormal cells
- Cytogenetic analysis to identify genetic abnormalities
- Molecular testing to detect specific gene mutations
Treatment
Treatment options for eosinophilic leukemia may include:
- Chemotherapy
- Targeted therapy
- Stem cell transplant
- Corticosteroids to reduce eosinophil levels
Prognosis
The prognosis for eosinophilic leukemia varies depending on the type and stage of the disease, as well as the patient's overall health. Chronic eosinophilic leukemia generally has a better prognosis than acute eosinophilic leukemia.
Related Pages
- Leukemia
- Chronic eosinophilic leukemia
- Acute eosinophilic leukemia
- Eosinophil
- Bone marrow
- White blood cell
- Complete blood count
- Chemotherapy
- Stem cell transplant
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
